Breakdown of مهندس و نقاش با همدیگر صحبت نکردهاند.
و
and
باbâ
with
صحبت کردنsohbat kardan
to speak / to talk
همدیگرhamdigar
each other
نقاشnaqqâsh
painter
مهندسmohandes
engineer
Questions & Answers about مهندس و نقاش با همدیگر صحبت نکردهاند.
How do we form the negative present perfect in sohbat nakardeh-and?
We take the past participle of the verb (kardeh) and add the negative prefix na- to the front, then the short ending -and (they) to the back. Because sohbat kardan (to talk) is a compound verb, the na- attaches to the 'doing' word (kardeh), not the noun (sohbat).
Why does the verb end in -and (they) when mohandes (engineer) and naghghash (painter) are singular?
Even though they are singular words, they are joined by va (and). Together, they form a plural subject. Because the overall subject is 'they' (the engineer and the painter), the verb must take the third-person plural ending -and.
Why is there an Alef (the tall vertical letter) at the beginning of the ending -and in the written word نکردهاند?
The past participle kardeh ends in a silent 'heh' (the final letter of نکرده). When we attach a short ending like -and to a word ending in a silent 'heh', we must add an Alef (ا) to support the vowel sound. That is why it is written as نکردهاند instead of joining the ending directly to the 'heh'.
The sentence uses ba hamdigar (with each other). Could I just say ba ham?
Yes! ham and hamdigar both mean 'each other' and are interchangeable in most cases. hamdigar is slightly more formal or emphatic, while ba ham is very common and natural in everyday spoken Farsi.
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