Breakdown of آنها دارند خاک را با جارو جمع میکنند.
آنها
they
باbâ
with
داشتنdâshtan
to have
راrâ
definite direct object marker
جمع کردنjam' kardan
to gather (transitive)
خاکkhâk
dust / clay / soil
جاروjâru
broom
Questions & Answers about آنها دارند خاک را با جارو جمع میکنند.
Why are there two verbs, دارند and میکنند, in this sentence?
This is how Farsi forms the present continuous tense (actions happening right now, like 'are gathering'). You use the present tense of داشتن (here, دارند for 'they') as a helper verb, followed by the main conjugated verb (جمع میکنند).
Why is دارند placed so far away from جمع میکنند?
In the present continuous, the helper verb (دارند) usually sits right after the subject, while the main verb goes at the very end of the sentence. The rest of the sentence, like the object (خاک را) and the tool (با جارو), gets sandwiched in between!
Why is را used after خاک?
را marks a specific direct object. The English translation says 'the dust' rather than just general 'dust'. Adding را shows that they are sweeping up a specific mess of dirt or dust.
What makes up the main verb جمع میکنند?
It is a compound verb made from جمع (collection or gathering) and کردن (to do or make). In the present tense for 'they', کردن becomes میکنند.
Since the current lesson is about past participles, how would we change this to 'They have gathered the dust'?
You would drop the continuous helper verb (دارند) and change the main verb to the present perfect. The past participle of جمع کردن is جمع کرده (past stem + ه). Add the ending اند for 'they', making it: آنها خاک را با جارو جمع کردهاند.
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