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### Verbs of Permission

In Farsi, when you talk about giving or denying permission, you use a main verb of permission followed by the **Present Subjunctive** for the action being allowed.

The most common verb for this is **گذاشتن** (to let / to allow). You conjugate **گذاشتن** for the person giving permission, and the second verb is conjugated in the subjunctive for the person performing the action.

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To deny permission, you simply make the main verb negative. The subjunctive verb typically stays positive.

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### Permitting and Stacking Subjunctives

Another essential verb is **اجازه دادن** (to permit / literally "to give permission"). It functions just like **گذاشتن**, requiring the following verb to be in the present subjunctive.

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When teenagers push for independence, sentences can become complex. If you use verbs like "to expect" or "to convince," which also require the subjunctive, you can end up with a chain of subjunctive verbs. Notice that **اجازه دادن** often uses the preposition **به** (to) to indicate the person receiving permission.

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### Permitting a Negative Action

Sometimes the permitted action itself is negative (e.g., letting someone *not* do something). In this case, the subjunctive verb takes the negative prefix. You will even see sentences where both the permission verb and the subjunctive verb are negative to express strict denial of a negative action!

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Verbs of permission (gozâshtan, ejâze dâdan)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
parents	والدینvâledeyn
teenager	نوجوانnowjavân
The parents do not let the teenager go out.	والدین نمی‌گذارند نوجوان بیرون برود.vâledeyn nemigozârand nojavân birun beravad.
to expect	توقع داشتنtavaqqo' dâshtan
to socialize	معاشرت کردنmo'âsharat kardan
The teenager expects the parents to permit him to socialize.	نوجوان توقع دارد والدین به او اجازه دهند معاشرت کند.nojavân tavaqqo' dârad vâledeyn be u ejâze dahand mo'âsherat konad.
to oppose	مخالفت کردنmokhâlefat kardan
The parents oppose and do not let him go.	والدین مخالفت می‌کنند و نمی‌گذارند او برود.vâledeyn mokhâlefat mikonand o nemigozârand u beravad.
adult	بزرگسالbozorgsâl
mature	بالغbâligh
A mature adult permits the teenager to become more independent than before.	بزرگسال بالغ اجازه می‌دهد نوجوان مستقل‌تر از قبل بشود.bozorgsâl bâligh ejâze midahad nojavân mostaghel-tar az qabl beshavad.
rebellious	سرکشsarkesh
to advise	نصیحت کردنnasihat kardan
The parents advise the rebellious teenager before the party.	والدین قبل از مهمانی نوجوان سرکش را نصیحت می‌کنند.vâledeyn qabl az mehmâni nojavân-e sarkash râ nasihat mikonand
I do not let the rebellious teenager socialize with adults.	من نمی‌گذارم نوجوان سرکش با بزرگسالان معاشرت کند.man nemigozâram nojavân-e sarkash bâ bozorgsâlân mo'âsherat konad.
to convince	متقاعد کردنmoteqâ'ed kardan
I expect you to convince your parents to permit you to go.	توقع دارم والدین خود را متقاعد کنی تا اجازه دهند بروی.tavaqqo' dâram vâledein khod râ moteqâ'ed koni tâ ejâze dahand beravi.
The mature teenager expects you to permit him to choose.	نوجوان بالغ توقع دارد به او اجازه دهی انتخاب کند.nojavân-e bâlegh tavaghgho' dârad be u ejâze dahi entekhâb konad.
My father opposes and does not let me socialize after dinner.	پدر من مخالفت می‌کند و نمی‌گذارد بعد از شام معاشرت کنم.pedar-e man mokhâlefat mikonad va nemigozârad ba'd az shâm mo'âsherat konam.
I convince my parents to let me not sleep early.	والدین خود را متقاعد می‌کنم اجازه دهند زود نخوابم.vâledeyn-e khod râ moteqâ'ed mikonam ejâze dahand zud nakhâbam
An adult advises the teenager, but does not let him go out alone.	یک بزرگسال نوجوان را نصیحت می‌کند، اما اجازه نمی‌دهد تنها بیرون برود.yek bozorgsâl nojavân râ nasihat mikonad, ammâ ejâze nemidahad tanhâ birun beravad.
Strict parents do not let the teenager not study.	والدین سخت‌گیر اجازه نمی‌دهند نوجوان درس نخواند.vâledeyn-e sakht-gir ejâze nemidahand nowjavân dars nakhânad.
The rebellious teenager is older than my brother, but they do not let him socialize.	نوجوان سرکش بزرگ‌تر از برادر من است، ولی نمی‌گذارند معاشرت کند.nowjavân-e sarkash bozorgtar az barâdar-e man ast, vali nemigozârand mo'âsherat konad.