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In everyday spoken Persian, many frequently used verbs shrink drastically. Syllables merge and middle consonants drop so conversations flow faster. When talking with friends or planning your weekend, you will almost exclusively use these irregular colloquial forms.

### Dropping the Stem Syllable

For several essential verbs, the written present stem condenses down. Notice how the prefix **می** blends directly into the new shortened stem.

| Written | Spoken |
|---|---|
| می‌روم | میرم |
| می‌گویم | میگم |
| می‌شوم | میشم |
| می‌دهم | میدم |
| می‌آیم | میام |

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### Vowel Shifts: Wanting and Being Able To

The verbs for "to want" and "to be able to" undergo a vowel shift or drop their middle consonants to become punchy and compact.

| Written | Spoken |
|---|---|
| می‌خواهم | می‌خوام |
| می‌توانم | می‌تونم |

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### The Imperative: Let / Allow

The imperative command for "let" or "allow" (from the verb گذاشتن) drops its **گ** entirely in colloquial speech.

| Written | Spoken |
|---|---|
| بگذار | بذار |

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### Subjunctive Forms Follow the Same Rules

When these verbs are used as the second verb in a sentence (in the subjunctive mood), they follow the exact same spoken stem reductions—just swap the **می** prefix for **ب**.

For example, "to go" (بروم) becomes **برم**, and "let's go" (برویم) becomes **بریم**.

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Spoken Persian: irregular verbs (میرم, میگم)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
holidays / vacation	تعطیلاتta'tilât
cafe	کافهkâfe
I want to go to the cafe for the holidays.	من می‌خوام برای تعطیلات برم کافه.man mikhâm barâye ta'tilât beram kâfe.
hiking / mountain climbing	کوهنوردیkuhnavardi
recreation / fun	تفریحtafrih
He goes hiking because this recreation is interesting.	او میره کوهنوردی، چون این تفریح جالبه.oo mire kuhnavardi, chon in tafrih jâlebe.
to plan	برنامه‌ریزی کردنbarnâme-rizi kardan
villa / cottage	ویلاvilâ
I am making plans; I want to go to the villa.	من برنامه‌ریزی می‌کنم، می‌خوام برم ویلا.man barnâme-rizi mikonam, mikhâm beram vilâ.
to drop by / to visit (briefly)	سر زدنsar zadan
Come, let's drop by the cafe!	بیا به کافه سر بزنیم!biâ be kâfe sar bezanim!
picnic	پیک‌نیکpiknik
I can drop by the picnic.	من می‌تونم به پیک‌نیک سر بزنم.man mitunam be piknik sar bezanam.
I am planning for both the holidays and the weekend.	هم برای تعطیلات هم برای آخر هفته برنامه‌ریزی می‌کنم.ham barâye ta'tilât ham barâye âkhar-e hafte barnâme-rizi mikonam.
to be fun / to have a good time	خوش گذشتنkhosh gozashtan
We have a lot of fun; this plan is good.	به ما خیلی خوش می‌گذره، این برنامه خوبه.be mâ kheyli khosh migzare, in barnâme khoobe.
to let / allow	گذاشتنgozâshtan
Let me go to the villa for fun.	بذار برای تفریح برم ویلا.bezâr barâye tafrih beram villâ.
I say that I am going hiking tomorrow.	من میگم که فردا میرم کوهنوردی.man migam ke fardâ miram kuhnavardi.
I get very tired from hiking during the holidays.	من در تعطیلات از کوهنوردی خیلی خسته میشم.man dar ta'tilât az kuhnavardi kheyli khaste misham.
Let me plan for the weekend.	بذار برای آخر هفته برنامه‌ریزی کنم.bezâr barâye âkhar-e hafte barnâme-rizi konam.
They are going to the villa for fun.	آنها برای تفریح میرن ویلا.ânhâ barâye tafrih miran vilâ.
The cafe is crowded today, let's go to the villa!	امروز کافه شلوغه، بیا بریم ویلا!emrooz kâfe sholughe, biâ berim vilâ!
It is beautiful here; I am coming to the picnic too.	اینجا زیباست، من هم به پیک‌نیک میام.injâ zibâst, man ham be pic-nic miyâm.
Yes, I tell everyone that I had a lot of fun.	بله، به همه میگم که خیلی به من خوش گذشت.bale, be hame migam ke kheyli be man khosh gozasht.
come on! (spoken)	یالاyâllâ
Come on, come!	یالا، بیا!yâllâ, biâ!
Come on, go!	یالا، برو!yallâ, boro!