Avoiding Actions
To say you are "avoiding" an action, use the verb پرهیز کردن. Like its English equivalent "to refrain from," it is paired with the preposition از.
Farsi prepositions cannot attach directly to a verb. To link از to the action you want to avoid, insert the phrase اینکه ("this that"). The verb inside the اینکه clause must be in the present subjunctive because the action is hypothetical or uncompleted.
Structure: پرهیز کردن از اینکه + [Present Subjunctive]
| Athletes must avoid starting the match without warming up. | ورزشکاران باید از اینکه مسابقه را بدون گرم کردن شروع کنند، بپرهیزند.varzeshkârân bâyad az inke mosâbeghe râ bedun-e garm kardan shoru' konand, beparhizand. |
| To increase ligament flexibility, avoid lifting heavy weights suddenly. | برای افزایش انعطافپذیری رباطها، از اینکه وزنههای سنگین را ناگهان بردارید بپرهیزید.barâye afzâyeshe en'etâf-paziriye rebâtha, az inke vazneha-ye sangin râ nâgahân bardârid beparhizid. |
Preventing Actions
Similarly, the verb جلوگیری کردن (to prevent) is paired with از. When preventing someone from doing something or stopping an event from happening, use از اینکه followed by the present subjunctive.
Structure: جلوگیری کردن از اینکه + [Present Subjunctive]
| After aerobic running, coaches prevent players from forgetting to cool down. | بعد از دویدن هوازی، مربیان از اینکه بازیکنان سرد کردن را فراموش کنند جلوگیری میکنند.ba'd az davidan-e havâzi, morabbiyân az inke bâzikonân sard kardan râ farâmush konand jelogiri mikonand. |
| Aerobic exercise helps you prevent your knee ligaments from getting injured. | تمرین هوازی به شما کمک میکند تا از اینکه رباطهای زانو آسیب ببینند جلوگیری کنید.tamrin-e havâzi be shomâ komak mikonad tâ az in-ke rabât-hâye zânu âsib bebinand jelogiri konid. |
Tense Independence
The main verb (preventing or avoiding) can be in any tense. Regardless of its tense, the verb inside the اینکه clause remains in the present subjunctive, as it represents the theoretical action being blocked.
| The coach prevented me from applying pressure to my back during rehabilitation. | مربی از اینکه در طول توانبخشی به کمرم فشار بیاورم جلوگیری کرد.morabbi az inke dar tule tavân-bakhshi be kamaram feshâr biâvaram jelogiri kard. |
| This medicine prevents inactivity from destroying the muscle. | این دارو از اینکه بیتحرکی عضله را نابود کند جلوگیری میکند.in dâru az inke bi-taharroki azale râ nâbud konad jelogiri mikonad. |