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### Chaining Multiple Adjectives

In Farsi, the *Ezafe* (the short, linking vowel) doesn't stop at just one adjective. You can describe a noun with multiple adjectives simply by chaining them together. Every word in the chain takes an *Ezafe*, except for the very last one.

### Strict Modifier Ordering

When chaining multiple adjectives, order matters. Just like in English, Farsi follows a specific sequence. After the noun, adjectives generally flow from the most **general or descriptive** to the most **specific or classifying**.

- First come general descriptors like size, age, speed, weight, or quality.
- Last come categorizing adjectives like purpose, power source, origin, or material.

For example, for a "gigantic nuclear submarine," start with the noun, follow with the size, and end with the power source:

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Notice how the categorizing adjective (nuclear) anchors the end of the phrase. This pattern holds true for other descriptors as well, such as placing a stealth quality before an attack purpose, or speed before purpose.

{{item:814644}}

{{item:814650}}

### Combining with Plurals

If the noun is plural, the plural suffix attaches to the noun first, before the *Ezafe* chain begins. The adjective sequence remains exactly the same.

{{item:814648}}

{{item:814654}}

Multiple adjectives (Ezafe chains)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
submarine	زیردریاییzirdaryâyi
gigantic / huge (physically colossal, giant-bodied)	غول‌پیکرghul-peykar
nuclear	اتمیatomi
The gigantic nuclear submarine is no longer in the ocean.	زیردریایی غول‌پیکر اتمی دیگر در اقیانوس نیست.zirdaryâyiye qolpeykar-e atomi digar dar oqyânus nist.
stealth / radar-evading	رادارگریزrādârgoriz
attack / offensive	تهاجمیtahâjomi
How much does a stealth attack submarine cost?	قیمت یک زیردریایی رادارگریز تهاجمی چقدر است؟qeymat-e yek zir-daryâyi-ye râdâr-goriz-e tahâjomi cheqadr ast?
fleet	ناوگانnâvgân
They are building a gigantic nuclear fleet.	آنها در حال ساختن یک ناوگان غول‌پیکر اتمی هستند.ânhâ dar hâl-e sâkhtan-e yek nâvgân-e gholpeykar-e atomi hastand
warship / naval vessel	ناوnâv
The commander asked where the fleet's new stealth warships are.	فرمانده پرسید که ناوهای جدید رادارگریز ناوگان کجا هستند.farmândeh porsid ke nâvhâ-ye jadid-e râdârgoriz-e nâvgân kojâ hastand
destroyer (ship)	ناوشکنnâvshekan
The fast attack destroyer is no longer protecting the warship.	ناوشکن سریع تهاجمی دیگر از ناو محافظت نمی‌کند.nâvshekan-e sari'-e tahâjomi digar az nâv mohâfezat nemikonad.
torpedo	اژدرazhdar
I wish the old destroyer had not fired the gigantic nuclear torpedo.	کاش ناوشکن قدیمی اژدر غول‌پیکر اتمی را شلیک نکرده بود.kâsh nâvshekan-e qadimi azhdar-e gholpeykar-e atomi râ shalik nakarde bud.
crew	خدمهkhademe
The anxious crew is preparing the heavy attack torpedoes.	خدمه‌ی مضطرب در حال آماده کردن اژدرهای سنگین تهاجمی هستند.khademe-ye moztareb dar hâle âmâde kardan-e azhdarhâ-ye sangin tahâjomi hastand
The commander asked how much food the gigantic nuclear fleet's crew needs.	فرمانده پرسید که خدمه‌ی ناوگان غول‌پیکر اتمی چقدر غذا نیاز دارند.farmândeh porsid ke khademe-ye nâvegân-e ghul-peykar-e atomi cheqadr ghazâ niyâz dârand.
This foreign nuclear submarine has the fleet's best torpedoes.	این زیردریایی خارجی اتمی بهترین اژدرهای ناوگان را دارد.in zirdaryâyi khâreji atomi behtarin azhdarhâ-ye nâvegân râ dârad.
I wish the new stealth destroyers had arrived before the warship.	کاش ناوشکن‌های جدید رادارگریز قبل از ناو رسیده بودند.kâsh nâvshekan-hâ-ye jadid râdârgoriz qabl az nâv reside budand
As soon as the gigantic nuclear warship sank, the crew escaped.	به محض اینکه ناو غول‌پیکر اتمی غرق شد، خدمه فرار کردند.be mahze inke nâve ghulpeykare atomi gharq shod, khadame farâr kardand.
The powerful attack torpedo destroyed the stealth submarine.	اژدر قدرتمند تهاجمی زیردریایی رادارگریز را نابود کرد.ozhdor qodratmand tahâjomi zirdaryâyi râdârgoriz râ nâbud kard.