Multiple adjectives (Ezafe chains)

Chaining Multiple Adjectives

In Farsi, the Ezafe (the short, linking vowel) doesn't stop at just one adjective. You can describe a noun with multiple adjectives simply by chaining them together. Every word in the chain takes an Ezafe, except for the very last one.

Strict Modifier Ordering

When chaining multiple adjectives, order matters. Just like in English, Farsi follows a specific sequence. After the noun, adjectives generally flow from the most general or descriptive to the most specific or classifying.

• First come general descriptors like size, age, speed, weight, or quality.
• Last come categorizing adjectives like purpose, power source, origin, or material.

For example, for a "gigantic nuclear submarine," start with the noun, follow with the size, and end with the power source:

Notice how the categorizing adjective (nuclear) anchors the end of the phrase. This pattern holds true for other descriptors as well, such as placing a stealth quality before an attack purpose, or speed before purpose.

Combining with Plurals

If the noun is plural, the plural suffix attaches to the noun first, before the Ezafe chain begins. The adjective sequence remains exactly the same.