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Navigating the fine print of insurance (**بیمه**) often involves looking for exceptions. In Farsi, when you want to express "unless," you use the subordinating conjunction **مگر اینکه**.

### Conditions and the Subjunctive

Just like in English, "unless" introduces a condition that hasn't happened or is hypothetical. Because of this uncertainty, the verb that follows **مگر اینکه** must be in the **Present Subjunctive**.

**[Main Clause] + مگر اینکه + [Present Subjunctive Clause]**

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### Setting Boundaries

You will frequently hear this structure when discussing rules, validity, or boundaries—such as what an insurance policy covers or when it might be canceled. The main clause states the default rule, and the **مگر اینکه** clause provides the exception.

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Notice how the default rule in the first half of the sentence uses the normal indicative tense, while the hypothetical condition following **مگر اینکه** triggers the subjunctive.

Exceptions (magar inke)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Question	Answer
insurance	بیمهbime
medical	پزشکیpezeshki
This insurance is for medical costs.	این بیمه برای هزینه‌های پزشکی است.in bime barâye hazine-hâye pezeshki ast.
compensation	غرامتgharâmat
theft	سرقتsareghat
The company does not pay compensation, unless you prove the theft.	شرکت غرامت پرداخت نمی‌کند، مگر اینکه سرقت را ثابت کنید.sherkat gharâmat pardâkht nemikonad, magar inke sergat râ sâbet konid.
insurance policy	بیمه‌نامهbime-nâme
intentional	عمدیamdi
to include	شامل شدنshâmel shodan
This insurance policy does not include intentional damage.	این بیمه‌نامه خسارت عمدی را شامل نمی‌شود.in bime-nâme khesârat amdi râ shâmel nemishavad.
valid	معتبرmo'tabar
The insurance policy is not valid, unless you renew it.	بیمه‌نامه معتبر نیست، مگر اینکه آن را تمدید کنید.bime-nâme mo'tabar nist, magar inke ân râ tamdid konid.
amount (of money)	مبلغmablagh
to cover	پوشش دادنpushesh dâdan
The insurance covers the total amount, unless the accident is intentional.	بیمه تمام مبلغ را پوشش می‌دهد، مگر اینکه حادثه عمدی باشد.bime tamâm-e mablagh râ pushesh midahad, magar in-ke hâdese amdi bâshad.
They still do not pay the medical compensation.	آنها هنوز غرامت پزشکی را پرداخت نمی‌کنند.ânhâ hanuz gharâmat pezeshki râ pardâkht nemikonand.
Does this insurance include theft?	آیا این بیمه سرقت را شامل می‌شود؟âyâ in bime sareghat râ shâmel mishavad?
We cover the cost, unless the amount is very high.	ما هزینه را پوشش می‌دهیم، مگر اینکه مبلغ خیلی زیاد باشد.mâ hazine râ pushesh midahim, magar inke mablagh kheyli ziyâd bâshad.
Is the medical insurance policy still valid?	آیا بیمه‌نامه‌ی پزشکی هنوز معتبر است؟âyâ bime-nâme-ye pezeshki hanuz mo'tabar ast?
I will cancel your insurance policy, unless you pay the amount.	من بیمه‌نامه‌ی شما را لغو می‌کنم، مگر اینکه مبلغ را پرداخت کنید.man bime-nâme-ye shomâ râ laghv mikonam, magar inke mablagh râ pardâkht konid.
Because the accident was intentional, he did not get compensation.	چون حادثه عمدی بود، او غرامت نگرفت.chon hâdese amdi bud, u gharâmat nagereft.
The insurance does not cover theft, unless you have a lock.	بیمه سرقت را پوشش نمی‌دهد، مگر اینکه قفل داشته باشید.bime sareghat râ pushesh nemidahad, magar inke ghofl dâshte bâshid.
These files are still here.	این پرونده‌ها هنوز اینجا است.in parvande-hâ hanuz injâ ast.