Learn Dutch: De vloer is te vies om met een beetje azijn schoon te maken. - The floor is too dirty to clean with a bit of vinegar.

In Dutch, when you use a noun indicating a quantity or amount (like een beetje, meaning a bit), you connect it directly to the noun being measured (azijn) without using a preposition like van (of). So, "a bit of vinegar" is simply een beetje azijn.

Why is the verb at the end written as schoon te maken rather than te schoonmaken?

Schoonmaken (to clean) is a separable verb. When a separable verb is used with te (to), the te goes between the separable prefix (schoon) and the verb part (maken), creating a three-word phrase: schoon te maken.

How does the om ... te structure work in this sentence?

The combination te vies om ... schoon te maken translates the English "too dirty to clean". In Dutch, when you have "too [adjective] to [verb]", you use the om ... te + infinitive structure. Om introduces the phrase, and te goes right before the infinitive at the end.

Could I use wat azijn instead of een beetje azijn here?

Yes, wat azijn (some vinegar) would also work. However, een beetje azijn emphasizes the small amount ("a little bit of vinegar"), which makes the contrast with the very dirty floor a bit stronger in this context.