Word
Ik heb het inkomen ontvangen en het bedrag betaald.
Meaning
I have received the income and paid the amount.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Questions & Answers about Ik heb het inkomen ontvangen en het bedrag betaald.
Why don't the past participles ontvangen and betaald start with ge-?
Normally, a past participle gets a ge- added to the front. However, if a verb starts with an unstressed prefix like ont- (in ontvangen) or be- (in betalen), it is an inseparable verb and skips the ge- entirely.
Wait, isn't ontvangen the infinitive (dictionary form)? Why does the past participle look exactly the same?
Ontvangen (to receive) is a strong verb based on vangen (to catch). The past participle of vangen is gevangen. Because we have to drop the ge- due to the ont- prefix, we are left with just ontvangen. It just happens to look identical to the infinitive!
Why does betaald end with a -d instead of a -t?
To find out if a regular past participle ends in a -d or -t, we use the 't kofschip rule. The stem of betalen is betaal. Since the final letter l is not in the word 't kofschip, the past participle gets a -d.
Why isn't the helping verb repeated in the second half, like "en heb het bedrag betaald"?