Breakdown of Ik heb de lening gisteren ontvangen.
ik
I
hebben
to have
ontvangen
to receive
gisteren
yesterday
de lening
the loan
Questions & Answers about Ik heb de lening gisteren ontvangen.
Why doesn't the past participle ontvangen start with ge-?
The verb is ontvangen (to receive). Because it starts with the unstressed prefix ont-, it is an inseparable verb. Inseparable verbs do not get a ge- prefix when you turn them into a past participle.
Is ontvangen both the infinitive and the past participle here?
Yes! Ontvangen is an irregular (strong) verb, and its past participle happens to be exactly the same as its infinitive. Because it also skips the ge- prefix, it looks just like the dictionary form. The helping verb heb is your clue that this is a completed past action.
Could I put gisteren before de lening?
Yes, Ik heb gisteren de lening ontvangen is also completely correct. Usually, time words like gisteren come earlier in the sentence. However, when the object is specific (like de lening instead of just a general loan), it often steps in front of the time word.
Is the noun lening related to a verb?
Yes, it comes from the verb lenen, which means both to borrow and to lend. Adding -ing to the verb stem turns it into a noun, very similar to how we form words in English.
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