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### This and these (deze, dit)

To point out objects close to you, the Dutch word for "this" or "these" depends on the noun's gender and number.

### Deze (this / these)

If the noun is a singular **de**-word, use **deze** ("this").

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Use **deze** for *all* plural nouns to mean "these", regardless of whether they are **de** or **het** words.

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### Dit (this)

If the noun is a singular **het**-word, use **dit** ("this").

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This and these (deze, dit)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

determiner/pronoun

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (de, het)

Indefinite article and formal 'you' (een, u)

Big and small (groot, klein)

Plural pronouns and 'to be' (wij zijn)

The verb 'to have' (hebben)

Basic word order

Numbers 1 to 10 (een, twee, drie)

Verb stems and the 'I' form (ik werk)

Long vowels in verb stems (maken, ik maak)

Short vowels in verb stems (zitten, ik zit)

Present tense singular (-t)

Present tense plural (-en)

Yes/no questions

Question words (wie, wat, waar)

Noun negation (geen)

Plural nouns (-en)

Plural nouns (-s)

Diminutives (-je)

Adjective modifiers (heel, erg, te)

Verb negation (niet)

Singular possessives (mijn, jouw, zijn, haar)

Plural and formal possessives (ons/onze, jullie, hun, uw)

That and those (die, dat)

Asking which (welke, welk)

Numbers 11 to 20 (elf, twaalf, dertien...)

Tens and compound numbers (dertig, veertig...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (eerste, tweede...)

Telling time: hours and half hours (uur, half)

Telling time: quarters (kwart over, kwart voor)

Question words (hoeveel, waarom)

Irregular verbs (doen, gaan, staan, zien, komen)

Adjective endings (+e)

Adjectives with 'het' words

Prepositions of place (uit, bij)

Subject-verb inversion

Time before place

Modal verbs (willen, kunnen)

Modal verbs (moeten, mogen)

The verb bracket

Separable prefix verbs

The imperative mood (kom, luister)

Singular object pronouns (mij, jou, hem, haar)

Plural and formal object pronouns (ons, jullie, hen, u)

Reflexive verbs and pronouns (zich, me, je)

Position of negation (niet)

The present perfect tense with regular verbs (hebben gewerkt)

The present perfect tense with motion verbs (zijn gegaan)

Irregular past participles (gezien, gedaan)

The present continuous (zijn aan het)

There is / there are (er is, er zijn)

Unstressed there (er)

And, but, or (en, maar, of)

Because (want)

Months of the year

Prepositions of time (om, van ... tot)

Greetings and politeness

Conversational glue

Prepositions with days (op)

Prepositions with seasons (in)

Genitive of time ('s morgens, 's nachts)

Adverbs of frequency (altijd, vaak)

The future tense (gaan)

The future tense (zullen)

Separable verbs with auxiliary verbs

Apostrophe plurals ('-s)

Irregular plurals (-eren)

Complex diminutives (-pje, -etje, -kje)

Possessive 's (Jan's, vaders)

Indefinite pronouns (iets, niemand, alles)

Indefinite subject pronoun (je)

Reciprocal pronoun (elkaar)

Comparative adjectives (-er dan)

Comparatives with spelling change (-der)

Superlative adjectives (-st)

Irregular comparisons (beter, meer, minder)

Expressing preference (graag, liever, het liefst)

Equality comparisons (even ... als)

Fixed prepositions

That clauses (dat)

Because clauses (omdat)

If and when clauses (als)

Inversion after clauses

Separable verbs in clauses

Negation in clauses (niet)

Past tense of to be (was / waren)

Past tense of to have (had / hadden)

Past tense of modal verbs (wilde, kon, moest, mocht)

Question	Answer
this / these	deze
the pants / the trousers	de broek
These pants are very expensive.	Deze broek is erg duur.
Are you looking for pants?	Zoek je een broek?
the shoe	de schoen
Where is my shoe?	Waar is mijn schoen?
to fit / to match / go with	passen
Do these shoes fit?	Passen deze schoenen?
this (neuter)	dit
the shirt (button-up)	het overhemd
This shirt does not fit.	Dit overhemd past niet.
This shirt is a little small.	Dit overhemd is een beetje klein.
the watch	het horloge
Is this watch expensive?	Is dit horloge duur?
I find this watch very beautiful.	Ik vind dit horloge erg mooi.
the sweater	de trui
This sweater is very warm.	Deze trui is heel warm.
to wear	dragen
Are you wearing this sweater today?	Draag je deze trui vandaag?
We do not wear shoes inside.	We dragen binnen geen schoenen.
the dress	de jurk
The girl is wearing a dress.	Het meisje draagt een jurk.
She wants to have this dress.	Ze wil deze jurk hebben.
the clothes	de kleren
I am wearing these clothes today.	Ik draag deze kleren vandaag.
His clothes are old.	Zijn kleren zijn oud.