Continuous aspect with posture verbs (zitten te, staan te)

Ongoing Actions with Posture Verbs

English uses "to be" + "-ing" for ongoing actions (like "I am waiting"). Dutch commonly expresses this by mentioning the subject's physical posture.

Combine a conjugated posture verb with te and an infinitive:

  • zitten (to sit)
  • staan (to stand)
  • liggen (to lie down)
  • lopen (to walk)
The tourist is photographing the statue.
De toerist staat het standbeeld te fotograferen.

The posture verb takes the second position, while te + the infinitive go at the very end of the sentence. Other details, like locations or objects, go in between.

We are sitting on the terrace drinking coffee.
Wij zitten op het terras koffie te drinken.

Choosing the Right Posture Verb

Choose the posture verb based on the subject's physical position.

For sitting:

The man is sitting and feeding the pigeon.
De man zit de duif te voeren.
The artist is sitting and painting the tree.
De kunstenaar zit de boom te schilderen.

For standing:

The musician is standing and playing the guitar.
De muzikant staat gitaar te spelen.

For lying down:

The dog is sleeping next to the fountain.
De hond ligt naast de fontein te slapen.

For walking or moving around. Lopen is also used for continuous, often annoying habits (even if the person isn't literally walking):

Why are you walking around complaining?
Waarom lopen jullie te klagen?

Asking Questions

In questions, the subject and the posture verb invert as usual. The te + infinitive stays at the end.

Why is the tourist pointing at the building?
Waarom staat de toerist naar het gebouw te wijzen?
Why are you photographing the fountain?
Waarom sta je de fontein te fotograferen?

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