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Croatian

### The Conditional Mood ("Would")

To talk about dreams, fantasies, or hypothetical situations, Croatian uses the conditional mood. This is the equivalent of using "would" in English.

To form the conditional, you need two parts:
1. A special conditional helper verb (an old form of **biti**).
2. The **l-participle** (the exact same active past participle you already use to form the past tense).

Here are the helper verbs for each pronoun:

| Pronoun | Auxiliary |
|---------|-----------|
| ja | bih |
| ti | bi |
| on / ona / ono | bi |
| mi | bismo |
| vi | biste |
| oni / one / ona | bi |

Because these helper verbs are clitics, they typically take the second position in the sentence, right after the subject or the first main word.

{{item:1056140}}

{{item:1056144}}

If you drop the subject pronoun (which is very common), the sentence can start directly with the *l*-participle, followed immediately by the helper verb.

{{item:1056152}}

### Hypothetical "If" Clauses

To say "If [something happened]...", use the phrase **kada bi** followed by the *l*-participle. 

{{item:1056153}}

{{item:1056154}}

### Questions and Negation

To ask a yes/no question in the conditional, start the sentence with the helper verb followed by the question particle **li** (for example, *Biste li...*).

{{item:1056155}}

To make the conditional negative, simply place **ne** in front of the helper verb. Unlike most clitics, these negated forms (*ne bih*, *ne bi*, etc.) are strong enough to stand at the very beginning of a sentence.

{{item:1056156}}

The conditional mood (bih, bi)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
would (conditional auxiliary: bih, bi, bi, bismo, biste, bi)	bih
to fulfill	ispuniti
wish	želja
I would fulfill your wish.	Ja bih ispunio tvoju želju.
to imagine	zamisliti
miracle	čudo
world	svijet
We would imagine a miracle in this world.	Mi bismo zamislili čudo u ovom svijetu.
dream	san
wing	krilo
forever	zauvijek
In my dream I would have wings forever.	U mom snu bih imao krila zauvijek.
Every dream would be a little miracle.	Svaki san bi bio malo čudo.
everywhere	svugdje
She would try to imagine peace everywhere.	Ona bi probala zamisliti mir svugdje.
I would travel everywhere and stay forever.	Putovao bih svugdje i ostao zauvijek.
If he came, we would fulfill three wishes.	Kada bi on došao, ispunili bismo tri želje.
If a dog had wings, he would fly.	Kada bi pas imao krila, letio bi.
Would you live forever in this world?	Biste li vi živjeli zauvijek na ovom svijetu?
I would not be able to imagine that miracle.	Ne bih mogao zamisliti to čudo.
I would think about your dream and that new world.	Razmišljao bih o tvom snu i tom novom svijetu.