Learn Turkish: Her bölgeye özgü farklı bir damak tadı var. - There is a distinct palate characteristic of each region.

The word özgü means "specific to" or "characteristic of". In Turkish, it always requires the preceding noun or pronoun to be in the dative case (the "to/for" direction). Since bölge ends in a vowel, we add the buffer -y- and the dative suffix -e, making it bölgeye özgü (specific to the region).

Could I use has or mahsus instead of özgü in this sentence?

Yes, absolutely! Her bölgeye has or Her bölgeye mahsus would mean the exact same thing. All three words require the dative case and mean "specific to" or "exclusive to". Özgü is a very common, modern Turkish word, while has and mahsus are of Arabic origin but still widely used.

What is the literal translation of damak tadı, and why is the t in tat changed to a d?

Literally, it translates to "palate taste", meaning a culinary taste or palate. It's a noun compound where the second word takes a possessive suffix to link them. The root word is tat (taste). When the third-person possessive suffix -ı is added, the final hard t softens to a d (a standard consonant mutation rule), becoming tadı.

Why does come after ?