Learn Turkish: Kirli suyu temizleyebilirim ama bu kova çok ağır. - I can clean the dirty water, but this bucket is very heavy.

Because "the dirty water" is the specific direct object of the verb temizlemek (to clean). Therefore, it needs the accusative case suffix. The word su gets the buffer letter y and the suffix -u to become suyu.

How do you break down the suffixes in temizleyebilirim?

It starts with the verb root temizle- (to clean). Since it ends in a vowel, we add the buffer -y- before the ability suffix -ebil (can/to be able to). Then we add the aorist tense marker -ir (used here for general ability or willingness) and the first-person singular suffix -im (I). Altogether: temizle-y-ebil-ir-im.

Why isn't there a verb at the end of bu kova çok ağır?

In Turkish, the present tense of "to be" for the third person (he/she/it/this) is often completely invisible. While you could technically add the suffix -dIr (ağırdır) to sound more formal or to state a general fact, everyday speech just leaves it off. The adjective ağır (heavy) acting as the predicate at the end of the clause is enough to mean "is heavy."

How is the verb root temizle- formed?