Learn Turkish: O çok saygın bir doktor, hatta harika buluşları var. - He is a very prestigious doctor, in fact, he has wonderful discoveries.

Hatta is an escalating conjunction. While ve just links two facts, hatta goes a step further, translating to "in fact," "moreover," or "even." It emphasizes that having wonderful discoveries makes him even more impressive than just being a prestigious doctor.

Why is bir placed in the middle of çok saygın bir doktor?

When a noun is modified by an adjective in Turkish, the indefinite article bir (a/an) goes between the adjective and the noun. If you put it at the very beginning (bir çok saygın doktor), it would sound incorrect and confusing because birçok is a single word meaning "many."

Where is the word for "his" in the second half of the sentence (harika buluşları var)?

To say someone has something, Turkish uses a possessive suffix plus var (exists). Here, buluşlar (discoveries) gets the third-person possessive suffix -ı to become buluşları (his discoveries). The pronoun onun (his) can be dropped because the suffix already makes the owner clear.

I recognize the root in buluşları. How is this noun formed?