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Questions & Answers about Otobüsten sonra yavaşlasınlar.
Why do we need the ablative suffix in otobüsten sonra?
In Turkish, the postpositions sonra (after) and önce (before) always require the noun before them to take the ablative case (the "from" case). Because of this rule, you cannot say otobüs sonra; it must be otobüsten sonra.
Why is the ablative suffix -ten here instead of the usual -den?
The word otobüs ends with the letter s, which is a voiceless consonant. In Turkish, when a suffix starting with d attaches to a word ending in a voiceless consonant (like the ones in the memory aid "Fıstıkçı Şahap"), the d hardens to a t. Therefore, -den becomes -ten.
How does the verb yavaşlasınlar translate to "let them slow down"?
The verb stem is yavaşla (to slow down). The suffix -sın is the third-person singular imperative (let him/her/it), and adding -lar makes it plural (let them). Turkish uses these specific endings to give indirect commands about third parties.
The word for "slow" is yavaş. How does it become a verb here?