Learn Turkish: Daha dikkatli olmalıydın, pastayı eziverdin! - You should have been more careful, you suddenly crushed the cake!

It uses the special suddenness suffix -(y)iver. We take the verb root ez- (to crush), add -iver, and then add the regular past tense -di and the 'you' ending -n. This suffix makes the action feel quick, sudden, or sometimes careless.

Does the vowel in the -(y)iver suffix change depending on the verb?

Yes, the first vowel follows four-way vowel harmony. Since the root ez- has an 'e', it takes an 'i', making it eziver-. If the verb was bul- (to find), it would be buluver-. The -ver part, however, never changes.

How does olmalıydın translate to 'you should have been'?

It combines the verb olmak (to be) with the necessity suffix -malı (must/should) and the past tense marker -ydı. When you combine -malı with past tense, it means something 'should have' happened but didn't. Finally, -n is for 'you'.

Why is there a -y- in pastayı?

Because the cake is the specific object being crushed ('the cake'), it needs the accusative case suffix -ı. Since pasta ends in a vowel, the buffer letter -y- is needed to separate the two vowels.