Learn Turkish: Açgözlü adam daha fazla altın istermiş.

istermiş combines the aorist suffix -r (habits or general truths) with the inferential suffix -miş (hearsay or storytelling). Together, they form the inferential aorist, often translated as 'would want' or 'used to want.' It is heavily used in fairy tales, rumors, or recounting past habits you did not witness yourself.

Açgözlü is translated as 'greedy'. How is this word built?

It is a great example of Turkish word building! It combines aç (hungry), göz (eye), and the 'with/possessing' suffix -lü. So, someone who is açgözlü literally has 'hungry eyes.'

Could we just say daha altın instead of daha fazla altın?

No, you need fazla (much) here. Daha means 'more' when it modifies an adjective or adverb (like daha büyük, meaning bigger). But when you want to say 'more of a noun' (like 'more gold'), you use daha fazla (literally 'more much') before the noun.

Why does altın not have an accusative case marker here (like altını)?

Because the man is not wanting a specific, known piece of gold ('the gold' or 'that gold'), he just wants more gold in general. General, indefinite direct objects do not take the accusative marker and remain in their bare dictionary form.