Breakdown of Temiz çarşafın var mı?
var
there is / existent
temiz
clean
mi
question particle (mı/mi/mu/mü)
çarşaf
bedsheet
Questions & Answers about Temiz çarşafın var mı?
We are learning the passive suffix -In right now. Is the -ın in çarşafın an example of this passive suffix?
No, it is not. The passive suffix -In only attaches to verb roots (for example, the verb temizle becomes the passive temizlen). Since çarşaf (bedsheet) is a noun, the -ın here is the second-person singular possessive suffix meaning "your".
Why does the sentence use the "your" suffix (-ın) to mean "Do you have"?
This is a classic Turkish structure you learned earlier. Turkish does not have a direct verb for "to have". Instead, it uses a possessive suffix along with var (existent) or yok (non-existent). So, çarşafın var mı? literally translates to "Does your bedsheet exist?"
The English translation says "a clean bedsheet", but the Turkish sentence does not use bir. Why is it omitted?
When asking generally if someone has a certain type of item, Turkish often drops the indefinite article bir. You could say Temiz bir çarşafın var mı?, but leaving bir out is very common and natural when you are just asking about the item category rather than emphasizing the number "one".