Breakdown of Olumsuz şartlara ve yorgunluğa rağmen çok çaba gösterdiler.
ve
and
çok
a lot of / many
göstermek
to show
olumsuz
adverse, negative
rağmen
despite / in spite of
şart
condition
yorgunluk
fatigue / exhaustion
çaba
effort
Questions & Answers about Olumsuz şartlara ve yorgunluğa rağmen çok çaba gösterdiler.
Why do both şartlar and yorgunluk take the dative suffix before rağmen?
The postposition rağmen (despite) always requires the word before it to be in the dative case (-(y)e / -(y)a). When you have multiple items joined by ve (and), it is standard in Turkish to attach the required case suffix to every noun in the list. That is why we see both şartlara and yorgunluğa.
Why is it yorgunluğa instead of yorgunluka?
The base word for tiredness is yorgunluk, which ends in the hard consonant k. When we add a suffix starting with a vowel (like the dative -a), the k undergoes consonant mutation and softens into a ğ.
What does çaba göstermek mean, and how is it different from çalışmak?
Çaba göstermek literally means to show effort or to make an effort. While you could use çalışmak to mean to work or to try, çaba göstermek emphasizes the specific exertion of energy and willpower, especially when overcoming difficult circumstances like in this sentence.
Where is the word for they in this sentence?
It is built into the verb at the very end. The verb gösterdiler is made of göster (show) + -di (past tense) + -ler (they). You could add the pronoun Onlar at the beginning of the sentence, but it is usually dropped in Turkish unless you want to add special emphasis.
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