Breakdown of Akademik bölümü bitirdikten sonra makale yazıyor.
yazmak
to write
sonra
after
bitirmek
to finish (something)
makale
article
bölüm
chapter
akademik
academic
Questions & Answers about Akademik bölümü bitirdikten sonra makale yazıyor.
How is 'after finishing' formed in bitirdikten sonra?
We take the verb root bitir- (to finish), add the suffix -dik, then the 'from' ending -ten (ablative case), and finally the word sonra (after). The structure acts like saying 'after from the finishing'.
Why is it -ten instead of -dan in bitirdikten?
The suffix -dik ends in a voiceless consonant (k). Because of consonant harmony, the d in the normal -dan ending hardens to a t, making it -ten. The vowel is e to match the i in -dik.
Why does bölüm (chapter) have an -ü at the end?
The -ü is the specific direct object (accusative) ending. The action of finishing is happening to a specific thing: the academic chapter. Without the -ü, it would sound like finishing just any academic chapter.
If bölümü gets the specific direct object ending, why doesn't makale (article) get one too?
makale doesn't have an ending because it is non-specific here. The person is writing an article in general, not the specific article. In Turkish, only specific direct objects get the accusative case ending.
How do we know who is finishing the chapter, since bitirdikten doesn't have a personal ending?
When the same person is doing both actions, we don't need to add a personal ending to the -DIktAn part. We know who is finishing the chapter because the main verb yazıyor (is writing) tells us the subject is he (or she/it).
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