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Questions & Answers about Bağırma ve ağlama.
How do we form the negative commands for 'shout' and 'cry' in this sentence?
We start with the dictionary forms bağırmak (to shout) and ağlamak (to cry). We remove the -mak to get the verb roots bağır- and ağla-. Then we add the negative suffix -ma directly to these roots to get bağırma and ağlama.
Why do both verbs use the -ma ending instead of -me?
This is because of 2-way vowel harmony. You look at the last vowel in the verb root. The last vowels in bağır- (ı) and ağla- (a) are both back vowels, so they take the back-vowel suffix -ma. If the verb root ended in a front vowel like 'e' or 'i', it would take -me instead.
Who is this sentence addressed to?
This sentence is addressed to a single person you know well, using the informal 'you' (sen). The base root plus -ma or -me always forms the singular informal command. If you were speaking to multiple people or someone you need to be formal with (siz), you would say bağırmayın ve ağlamayın.
Why isn't there a word for 'you' (sen) at the beginning of the sentence?
In Turkish, commands (the imperative mood) almost always drop the subject pronoun. The verb form itself is enough to tell the listener exactly who is being told what to do.