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### Forming Past Tense Questions

In the past tense, **the personal ending stays on the verb**. The question particle (**mı, mi, mu, mü**) stands alone as a separate word at the end of the sentence.

**Verb Stem + Past Suffix + Personal Ending + [Space] + mı / mi / mu / mü**

The question particle follows four-way vowel harmony based on the last vowel of the personal ending.

| Pronoun | Past Question (yapmak) | Past Question (gelmek) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Ben** | yaptım mı? | geldim mi? |
| **Sen** | yaptın mı? | geldin mi? |
| **O** | yaptı mı? | geldi mi? |
| **Biz** | yaptık mı? | geldik mi? |
| **Siz** | yaptınız mı? | geldiniz mi? |
| **Onlar** | yaptılar mı? | geldiler mi? |

### Third-Person Questions

When checking if an event happened—like a delivery arriving or an email sending—you will mostly use the third-person (**O**) form.

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### Checking on Tasks

To ask someone directly if they finished their work, use the **Sen** (informal) or **Siz** (formal/plural) form.

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### Specifying the Subject

To mention exactly who did the action, place the subject at the beginning of the sentence.

{{item:791583}}

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If the subject is "they" (*onlar*) and you include the plural suffix **-lar / -ler** on the verb, the question particle will harmonize with that suffix, becoming **mı** or **mi**.

{{item:791586}}

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

First person plural optative (-(y)AlIm)

Question	Answer
package / shipping / delivery	kargo
to arrive / to reach (a level/speed)	ulaşmak
Did the package arrive?	Kargo ulaştı mı?
Did the package arrive yesterday?	Kargo dün ulaştı mı?
order	sipariş
to place an order	sipariş vermek
Did the new order arrive?	Yeni sipariş geldi mi?
to deliver	teslim etmek
Did you deliver the package on Friday?	Cuma günü kargoyu teslim ettin mi?
Did you deliver the order today?	Siparişi bugün teslim ettin mi?
document	belge
to sign	imzalamak
Did the boss sign the documents?	Patron belgeleri imzaladı mı?
Did you sign this important document?	Bu önemli belgeyi imzaladınız mı?
to check	kontrol etmek
Did they check the files?	Dosyaları kontrol ettiler mi?
Did you check the invoice?	Faturayı kontrol ettin mi?
task	görev
Did he finish his new task?	O yeni görevini bitirdi mi?
Did you accept this difficult task?	Bu zor görevi kabul ettin mi?
to approve	onaylamak
Did the manager approve the project?	Müdür projeyi onayladı mı?
Did the company approve the new order?	Şirket yeni siparişi onayladı mı?
email	e-posta
Did the boss send an email?	Patron bir e-posta gönderdi mi?
Did the email arrive yesterday evening?	E-posta dün akşam geldi mi?
We gave the waiter our order at the restaurant.	Restoranda garsona sipariş verdik.
The waiter came and I ordered.	Garson geldi ve sipariş verdim.