Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

### Everything: Her şey

When preparing for a trip, you want to make sure you have all your belongings. To talk about "everything," use **her şey**.

Notice the spelling: **şey** (thing) is always written as a separate word in Turkish. Just like in English, **her şey** is grammatically singular and takes singular verbs.

{{item:799183}}

{{item:799185}}

{{item:799186}}

### Nothing: Hiçbir şey and Double Negation

To say "nothing," use **hiçbir şey**. 

Just like with **kimse** (no one), Turkish requires **double negation** when using this word. If you use an action verb, the verb itself must be negative. If you are describing a state of being, you must pair it with a negative word like **yok** (there is not) or **değil** (not).

{{item:799191}}

{{item:799193}}

{{item:799197}}

### Somewhere: Bir yer

Turkish expresses "somewhere" using **bir yer** (literally: a place). 

Because it represents a physical location, you will usually attach a spatial case ending to it, depending on the verb:
- **bir yerde**: in/at somewhere (locative case, for stationary location)
- **bir yere**: to somewhere (dative case, for movement toward)

You can easily combine this with **başka** (other) to say "somewhere else" (**başka bir yerde**).

{{item:799200}}

{{item:799202}}

{{item:799203}}

### Putting It Together

Keep an eye out for how these indefinite pronouns can take case endings just like regular nouns. For example, when you are searching for "everything," it takes the accusative case because it is a specific direct object (**her şeyi arıyor**).

{{item:799204}}

{{item:799205}}

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

First person plural optative (-(y)AlIm)

Question	Answer
belonging / item / stuff (goods, objects)	eşya
to prepare / to pack	hazırlamak
We are going on holiday tomorrow, I am preparing the things.	Yarın tatile gidiyoruz, eşyaları hazırlıyorum.
Is everything ready?	Her şey hazır mı?
luggage / baggage	bagaj
Is everything in the luggage?	Her şey bagajda mı?
Yes, everything is here.	Evet, her şey burada.
clothes / clothing	kıyafet
I am preparing the clothes, everything is in the bag.	Kıyafetleri hazırlıyorum, çantada her şey var.
no / not any (determiner)	hiçbir
missing / lacking	eksik
Nothing is missing.	Hiçbir şey eksik değil.
pocket	cep
There is nothing in the pocket.	Cepte hiçbir şey yok.
other / another / else	başka
I do not want anything else.	Başka hiçbir şey istemiyorum.
forgetful	unutkan
He is very forgetful, but today he is forgetting nothing.	O çok unutkan ama bugün hiçbir şey unutmuyor.
The passport is missing, I am looking for it.	Pasaport eksik, onu arıyorum.
maybe / perhaps	belki
Maybe it is somewhere else.	Belki başka bir yerde.
The clothes are somewhere else.	Kıyafetler başka bir yerde.
The suitcase is sitting somewhere at the airport.	Bavul havaalanında bir yerde duruyor.
He is putting the things somewhere and forgetting.	Eşyaları bir yere koyuyor ve unutuyor.
The wallet is maybe in the pocket, maybe somewhere else.	Cüzdan belki cepte, belki başka bir yerde.
The forgetful passenger is looking for everything, but there is nothing in the luggage.	Unutkan yolcu her şeyi arıyor ama bagajda hiçbir şey yok.