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### Clarifying with "Yani" and "Şöyle ki"

When explaining intricate processes—like a complex family recipe or a specific culinary technique—you often need to clarify your instructions. Turkish uses two common discourse markers to do this: **yani** and **şöyle ki**.

#### Yani (Meaning / In other words)

Use **yani** to rephrase, summarize, or simplify what you just said. It translates to "meaning," "I mean," or "in other words."

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You can use it to connect clauses in the same sentence, or to start a new sentence:

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#### Şöyle ki (Namely / Let me explain)

When you need to elaborate, give a specific reason, or break down the details of a broader statement, use **şöyle ki**. It is best understood as "namely," "here is why," or "let me explain."

While *yani* summarizes or simplifies, *şöyle ki* expands and provides the "how" or "why."

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It is especially useful for pointing out the direct evidence or reasoning for a conclusion you just drew:

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Clarification (yani, şöyle ki)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Negative commands (-ma, -me)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

Question	Answer
to boil	haşlamak
Let's boil the vegetables for a short time, meaning they shouldn't be very soft.	Sebzeleri kısa süre haşlayalım, yani çok yumuşak olmasınlar.
to knead	yoğurmak
namely / here is how it is	şöyle ki
consistency	kıvam
Kneading the ingredients well is important, namely, the consistency must be completely smooth.	Malzemeyi iyi yoğurmak önemlidir, şöyle ki, kıvamı tamamen pürüzsüz olmalı.
sauce	sos
to marinate	marine etmek
I marinated the chicken with the sauce, in other words, it will be more delicious by tomorrow.	Tavuğu sos ile marine ettim, yani yarına kadar daha lezzetli olacak.
low / dim (volume, light, heat)	kısık
to whisk	çırpmak
You must whisk the eggs on low heat, namely, they cook immediately on high heat.	Yumurtayı kısık ateşte çırpmalısın, şöyle ki, yüksek ısıda hemen pişer.
to grate	rendelemek
Because I boiled the potato it is very easy to grate; I mean, much strength is not needed.	Patatesi haşladığım için rendelemek çok kolay, yani fazla güç lazım değil.
Marinating the fish correctly is a secret, namely, you must add fresh lemon and salt.	Balığı doğru marine etmek bir sırdır, şöyle ki, taze limon ve tuz eklemelisin.
Let's whisk the sauce fast, I mean, let it be smooth.	Sosu hızlı çırpalım, yani pürüzsüz olsun.
Because we grated the carrots I am cooking them on low heat, namely, thin pieces burn quickly.	Havuçları rendelediğimiz için kısık ateşte pişiriyorum, şöyle ki, ince parçalar çabuk yanar.
You must knead the meatballs by hand, namely, the consistency of the meat and spices must be perfect.	Köfteyi elle yoğurmalısın, şöyle ki, et ile baharatın kıvamı mükemmel olmalı.
I am boiling the pasta on low heat, I mean, it is cooking slowly.	Makarnayı kısık ateşte haşlıyorum, yani yavaş yavaş pişiyor.
to peel	soymak
I want you to peel and boil the potatoes. Let me explain: they cook faster.	Patatesleri soymanı ve haşlamanı istiyorum. Şöyle ki, daha hızlı pişiyor.
to boil (liquids)	kaynatmak
I boiled the sauce by stirring it constantly. Meaning, I didn't burn it.	Sosu karıştıra karıştıra kaynattım. Yani, yakmadım.
We noticed that you didn't peel the tomatoes. Meaning, the sauce's consistency will be ruined.	Domatesleri soymadığını fark ettik. Yani, sosun kıvamı bozulacak.
to fry	kızartmak
We understood that he fried the fish. Here is why: the kitchen smells a lot.	Balıkları kızarttığını anladık. Şöyle ki, mutfak çok kokuyor.
I suggest you give up frying the meat. Here is why: it is very harmful.	Eti kızartmaktan vazgeçmeni öneriyorum. Şöyle ki, çok zararlı.
It is necessary to boil the vegetables for a long time, meaning it is necessary to be patient.	Sebzeleri uzun süre kaynatmak lazım, yani sabırlı olmak gerekli.