Learn Spanish (Latin America): He visto que has derramado el jugo. - I have seen that you have spilled the juice.

Visto is the irregular past participle of the verb ver (to see). While most verbs ending in '-er' form their past participle by adding '-ido', ver is a common exception that you just have to memorize.

What do the words he and has do in this sentence?

They are forms of the helping verb haber (to have). We use haber combined with a past participle to talk about things that have happened. He visto means 'I have seen', and has derramado means 'you have spilled'. Remember this is different from tener, which means 'to have' as in owning something!

Why does derramado end in '-ado' while visto ends in '-to'?

Derramado is a regular past participle. The base verb is derramar (to spill), and regular '-ar' verbs always take the '-ado' ending. This sentence perfectly contrasts a regular past participle (derramado) with an irregular one (visto).

Is jugo the only word for juice?

In Latin America, jugo is the standard word for juice. If you consume media from Spain, you might hear the word zumo instead, but Spanish speakers everywhere will understand jugo.