Breakdown of Hay una cama grande en el cuarto.
una
a, an (feminine)
en
in / on / at
grande
big
haber
to be (there is / there are)
Questions & Answers about Hay una cama grande en el cuarto.
Why do we use hay for "there is" instead of translating "there" and "is" separately?
Hay is a special, all-in-one word that means both "there is" and "there are". In Spanish, when you want to state that an unspecific object exists, you just use hay instead of translating the English words "there" and "is" one by one.
Why is the order una cama grande and not una grande cama?
In Spanish, descriptive words (adjectives) usually come after the thing they are describing. Since grande (big) describes the cama (bed), it is placed right after it.
Since cama is feminine, why doesn't grande change to end in an "a"?
I thought cuarto meant "quarter" or "fourth". Why is it used here?
You are right that cuarto means "fourth" or "quarter" in math and time, but it is also a very common noun meaning "room" or "bedroom" in everyday Latin American Spanish.