Learn Romanian: Eu vin din piață. - I come from the market.

In Romanian, most short prepositions like din (from/out of), în (in/into), and pe (on) are followed by the noun without a definite article attached to the end. Even though we translate it with "the" in English, you just use the plain dictionary form of the word here: piață.

Could I use de la instead of din to say "from"?

Yes, but there is a slight difference in meaning. Din specifically means "out of" or from inside a place. De la just means from a general location. Using din here implies you were physically inside the market itself.

Doesn't vin mean "wine"? How do I know which one it is?

Context is key! Vin is indeed the noun for "wine", but it is also the "I" form of the verb a veni (to come). Because it comes right after eu (I) and is followed by a location, it is clearly the verb in this sentence.

Can I drop the word eu and just say Vin din piață?

Absolutely. Romanian verbs change depending on who is doing the action, so the form vin already tells us that "I" am the one coming. Including eu is optional and mostly used for emphasis.