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### Verbs with the "-esc" Suffix

While you previously learned about standard **-i** verbs, the largest group of verbs in the Romanian language actually takes an extra **-esc** suffix in the present tense. These include very common everyday verbs like **a vorbi** (to speak), **a locui** (to live), and **a citi** (to read).

Here is the present tense pattern for **a vorbi**:

| Pronoun | Verb |
|---|---|
| eu | vorb**esc** |
| tu | vorb**ești** |
| el/ea | vorb**ește** |
| noi | vorb**im** |
| voi | vorb**iți** |
| ei/ele | vorb**esc** |

Notice that the **-esc** suffix changes slightly for *tu* (**-ești**) and *el/ea* (**-ește**), and that the *eu* (I) and *ei/ele* (they) forms are exactly the same.

{{item:1113719}}

{{item:1113721}}

Did you notice the *noi* and *voi* forms in the table above? For these pronouns, verbs drop the **-esc** suffix entirely and simply use the regular **-im** and **-iți** endings you learned in the previous lesson. Let's see this in action:

{{item:1113724}}

{{item:1113735}}

Other common verbs using this exact same **-esc** pattern include **a iubi** (to love) and **a zâmbi** (to smile).

{{item:1113727}}

{{item:1113732}}

### Verbs with the "-ăsc" Suffix

For verbs in this group that end in **-î** instead of **-i**, the suffix changes slightly from **-esc** to **-ăsc**. A common example is **a urî** (to hate). 

The pattern is almost identical to the **-i** verbs, just with a vowel shift:

| Pronoun | Verb |
|---|---|
| eu | ur**ăsc** |
| tu | ur**ăști** |
| el/ea | ur**ăște** |
| noi | ur**âm** |
| voi | ur**âți** |
| ei/ele | ur**ăsc** |

Just like the **-i** verbs, the *eu* and *ei/ele* forms are identical, and the *noi* and *voi* forms drop the suffix completely to use the standard **-âm** and **-âți** endings.

{{item:1113730}}

{{item:1113736}}

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Past tense with reflexive verbs (m-am, s-a)

Question	Answer
to speak	vorbi
the Romanian language	româna
I speak Romanian and English.	Eu vorbesc româna și engleza.
to live	locui
Where do you live now?	Unde locuiești tu acum?
to read	citi
the novel	romanul
We read the new novel.	Noi citim romanul nou.
to love	iubi
the story	povestea
The boy loves the old story.	Băiatul iubește povestea veche.
to hate	urî
the apartment	apartamentul
They hate the dirty apartment.	Ei urăsc apartamentul murdar.
to smile	zâmbi
The happy girl smiles often.	Fata fericită zâmbește des.
You do not speak Romanian well.	Tu nu vorbești româna bine.
The teacher reads the story in the small room.	Profesorul citește povestea în camera mică.
Do you live in the big apartment?	Voi locuiți în apartamentul mare?
The woman hates the old newspaper.	Femeia urăște ziarul vechi.
The child loves the cat.	Copilul iubește pisica.
I have a friend and he smiles a lot.	Eu am un prieten și el zâmbește mult.
The student reads the cheap novel.	Studentul citește romanul ieftin.