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### Foam, Beans, and Comparisons

Welcome to the coffee shop! To start describing your ideal cup, you will need to know the words for **spuma** (the foam) and **boaba** (the bean). 

In this lesson, you will also see how to compare things using the structure **mai [adjective] decât** (more [adjective] than / -er than). For example, *mai dulce decât* means "sweeter than".

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### Grinding the Coffee

Before brewing, the beans must be processed. The verb **a măcina** means "to grind". Naturally, the machine used for this is **râșnița** (the grinder), and many people also use **filtrul** (the filter) for their morning brew.

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### Traditional and Modern Brewing

When it is time to make the coffee, you use the verb **a prepara** (to prepare or brew). While filter coffee is common, traditional Romanian coffee is often made in **ibricul** (the ibrik), a small, long-handled pot used on the stove.

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### Aromas and Flavors

Coffee is all about the senses. You will frequently talk about **aroma** (the aroma). When describing the taste, **amar** means "bitter", and if you are avoiding caffeine, you will ask for something **decofeinizat** (decaffeinated).

Remember that adjectives must agree with the gender of the noun they describe. Because words like *cafeaua* (the coffee) and *băutura* (the drink) are feminine, you will use the feminine forms **amară** and **decofeinizată**.

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Coffee Culture

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Question	Answer
the foam	spuma
The milk foam is very sweet.	Spuma de lapte este foarte dulce.
I want a coffee with a lot of foam, please.	Vreau o cafea cu multă spumă, vă rog.
The foam is sweeter than the milk.	Spuma este mai dulce decât laptele.
the bean	boaba
The coffee bean is roasted.	Boaba de cafea este prăjită.
to grind	măcina
We buy the beans and grind them.	Cumpărăm boabele și le măcinăm.
The waiter is grinding the coffee right now.	Chelnerul macină cafeaua chiar acum.
the grinder	râșnița
The grinder is next to the coffee machine.	Râșnița este lângă aparatul de cafea.
the filter	filtrul
This grinder is more expensive than the filter.	Această râșniță este mai scumpă decât filtrul.
to prepare	prepara
I make filter coffee every morning.	Prepar cafea la filtru în fiecare dimineață.
It is good to brew the coffee slowly.	E bine să prepari cafeaua încet.
the ibrik	ibricul
Grandma makes the coffee in the ibrik.	Bunica prepară cafeaua la ibric.
The clean ibrik is on the table.	Ibricul curat este pe masă.
the aroma	aroma
The aroma of the coffee is fantastic.	Aroma cafelei este fantastică.
This aroma is more pleasant than the taste.	Această aromă este mai plăcută decât gustul.
bitter	amar
The coffee at the restaurant is too bitter.	Cafeaua de la restaurant este prea amară.
I never drink bitter coffee.	Nu beau niciodată cafea amară.
Ibrik coffee is more bitter than tea.	Cafeaua la ibric este mai amară decât ceaiul.
decaffeinated	decofeinizat
I want a decaffeinated coffee, please.	Vreau o cafea decofeinizată, vă rog.
He prefers a decaffeinated drink.	El preferă o băutură decofeinizată.