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Portuguese (Portugal)

### Yes/No Questions

In Portuguese, asking a "yes or no" question is simple. You do not need to change the word order or add helper words. Just keep the standard statement word order and raise the pitch of your voice at the end. When writing, simply add a question mark.

To answer, use **sim** (yes) or **não** (no / not). You will also often see the preposition **de** (from / of) to indicate origin.

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### Question Words

When you need more than a yes or no answer, use a question word. These words sit at the very beginning of the sentence.

#### Quem (Who)
Use **quem** to ask about the identity of a person.

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#### O que (What)
Use **o que** to ask about things or concepts. You will often see it paired with words like *isto* (this) or *aquilo* (that).

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#### De onde (From where)
The word for "where" is *onde*. Because Portuguese uses the preposition **de** (from) to express origin, we place it right before the question word to ask "from where".

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Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Already and not yet (já, ainda não)

Question	Answer
of / from / by (means of transport) / wearing (attire)	de
Lisbon	Lisboa
Are you from Lisbon?	Tu és de Lisboa?
yes	sim
Yes, I am from Lisbon.	Sim, eu sou de Lisboa.
English	inglês
Is the boy English?	O rapaz é inglês?
Yes, he is English.	Sim, ele é inglês.
No, he is not Portuguese.	Não, ele não é português.
London	Londres
Are you from London, sir?	O senhor é de Londres?
Is the girl from London?	A rapariga é de Londres?
Is this the car?	Isto é o carro?
who	quem
Who is she?	Quem é ela?
Who is the teacher?	Quem é o professor?
what	o que
What is this?	O que é isto?
What is that?	O que é aquilo?
from where	de onde
Where are you from?	De onde és tu?
Where is the teacher from?	De onde é o professor?
the friend (m)	o amigo
Who is the friend?	Quem é o amigo?
Where is the friend from?	De onde é o amigo?
the cat	o gato
What is that? It is the cat.	O que é aquilo? É o gato.
Is the cat from Lisbon?	O gato é de Lisboa?