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Portuguese (Portugal)

### Building Floors

To talk about sequences, ranks, or building floors, you need ordinal numbers. In Portuguese, the word for a floor or story is **o andar**.

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### Ordinal Numbers (1st to 10th)

Ordinal numbers act like adjectives. They almost always come *before* the noun and must agree with it in gender and number.

| Number | Masculine | Feminine |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1st | primeiro | primeira |
| 2nd | segundo | segunda |
| 3rd | terceiro | terceira |
| 4th | quarto | quarta |
| 5th | quinto | quinta |
| 6th | sexto | sexta |
| 7th | sétimo | sétima |
| 8th | oitavo | oitava |
| 9th | nono | nona |
| 10th | décimo | décima |

Notice how the endings change to **-o** for masculine nouns like **o andar** and **-a** for feminine nouns like **a viagem**.

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### Competitions and Sequencing

You will frequently use ordinal numbers to talk about competition results, such as winning first prize (**o primeiro prémio**) or coming in a specific place (**lugar**).

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They are also essential for counting occurrences (like the "fourth time") or keeping track of sequences like chapters and pages.

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Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primeiro a décimo)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
the floor (story)	o andar
The bathroom is on my floor.	A casa de banho fica no meu andar.
Nobody lives on that floor during the winter.	Ninguém mora naquele andar durante o inverno.
first	primeiro
My apartment is on the first floor.	O meu apartamento fica no primeiro andar.
Our team won the first prize.	A nossa equipa ganhou o primeiro prémio.
second	segundo
She came in second place.	Ela ficou em segundo lugar.
The second meeting starts at ten o'clock.	A segunda reunião começa às dez horas.
third	terceiro
Your office is on the third floor.	O vosso escritório fica no terceiro andar.
The third trip was wonderful.	A terceira viagem foi maravilhosa.
fourth	quarto
We live on the fourth floor of this building.	Nós moramos no quarto andar deste prédio.
This is the fourth time that he fails.	Esta é a quarta vez que ele falha.
fifth	quinto
The fifth guest could not come.	O quinto convidado não pôde vir.
Is there any problem with the fifth page?	Há algum problema com a quinta página?
sixth	sexto
They came in sixth place.	Eles ficaram em sexto lugar.
The sixth week of classes was difficult.	A sexta semana de aulas foi difícil.
seventh	sétimo
My grandfather lives on the seventh floor.	O meu avô mora no sétimo andar.
The seventh question is very difficult.	A sétima pergunta é muito difícil.
eighth	oitavo
The eighth chapter of the book is the most interesting.	O oitavo capítulo do livro é o mais interessante.
My son is in the eighth grade.	O meu filho está no oitavo ano.
ninth	nono
Who won the ninth game?	Quem ganhou o nono jogo?
The ninth month of the year is September.	O nono mês do ano é setembro.
tenth	décimo
The tenth candidate is very calm.	O décimo candidato é muito calmo.
I do not understand the tenth page.	Eu não compreendo a décima página.
I eat fish twice a week.	Como peixe duas vezes por semana.
She goes there three times a day.	Ela vai lá três vezes por dia.

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