Inherent pronominal verbs

Inherent Pronominal Verbs

Some verbs in Portuguese always travel with a buddy: a reflexive pronoun (me, te, se, nos). Even though they are conjugated with reflexive pronouns, the action is not necessarily reflexive (you aren't doing it "to yourself"). These are called inherent pronominal verbs.

Furthermore, these verbs are strict about their regimes—they usually demand a specific preposition to connect to the object of the sentence. You must learn the verb, its pronoun, and its preposition as a single package deal. Let's dive in!

Verbs requiring com

When you want to say you "marvel at" or "come across" something, you will use the preposition com:

  • maravilhar-se com (to marvel at)
  • deparar-se com (to come across)
We marvel at the coral reef.
Maravilhamo-nos com o recife de coral.
The diver came across a large shark!
O mergulhador deparou-se com um tubarão grande!

Verbs requiring a

When expressing that you "dare to" do something, use the preposition a:

  • atrever-se a (to dare to)
You don't dare touch the shark's fin.
Não te atreves a tocar na barbatana do tubarão.

Verbs requiring de

Many common inherent pronominal verbs require the preposition de:

  • esquecer-se de (to forget)
  • lembrar-se de (to remember)
  • queixar-se de (to complain about)
  • arrepender-se de (to regret)

Remember that de will contract with definite articles (o, a, os, as) to become do, da, dos, or das.

The longtime diver never forgot the mask during the dive.
O velho mergulhador nunca se esqueceu da máscara durante o mergulho.
Maybe the divers remember the rules until the end of the dive.
Se calhar, os mergulhadores lembram-se das regras até ao fim do mergulho.
He complained about the coral during the trip.
Ele queixou-se do coral durante a viagem.
Because of the cold, I regret the dive.
Por causa do frio, arrependo-me do mergulho.

Putting it together

Watch how we can use multiple pronominal verbs and their respective prepositions in a single thought:

When I come across a problem, I don't dare take off the mask.
Quando me deparo com um problema, não me atrevo a tirar a máscara.