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Portuguese (Portugal)

### Supersizing Words with -ão

In Portuguese, you can make things bigger or more intense by adding the augmentative suffix **-ão** (or variations like **-arão**) to the end of a noun. It is the opposite of the diminutive *-inho*.

When you add **-ão** to a feminine noun, it almost always flips to masculine. 

| Original | Augmentative | 
|---|---|
| a casa (house) | **o casarão** (mansion) |
| a sala (living room) | **o salão** (large hall) |
| a janela (window) | **o janelão** (large window) |
| a cadeira (chair) | **o cadeirão** (armchair) |
| o carro (car) | **o carrão** (flashy / large car) |

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### Adjectives and Exaggeration

The **-ão** suffix doesn't just apply to nouns. It can also attach to adjectives to emphasize a trait, like turning *grande* (big) into **grandalhão** (bulky or hulking).

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Of course, you don't always need a suffix to describe something massive. You can also rely on strong adjectives like **enorme** (huge) and **exagerado** (exaggerated) to describe oversized features and luxury (**o luxo**).

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Augmentatives (-ão)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
the mansion	o casarão
huge	enorme
There is a huge mansion on that street.	Há um casarão enorme naquela rua.
the luxury	o luxo
exaggerated	exagerado
The mansion has an exaggerated luxury.	O casarão tem um luxo exagerado.
the large hall / the salon (hairdressing)	o salão
the large window	o janelão
I think that the large hall has a large window.	Eu acho que o salão tem um janelão.
the armchair	o cadeirão
My grandfather sleeps in that armchair in the large hall.	O meu avô dorme naquele cadeirão no salão.
the wall	o muro
They painted a huge wall yesterday.	Eles pintaram um muro enorme ontem.
bulky	grandalhão
The neighbor has a bulky dog.	O vizinho tem um cão grandalhão.
the flashy car	o carrão
The director bought an exaggerated flashy car.	O diretor comprou um carrão exagerado.
That armchair is a luxury.	Aquele cadeirão é um luxo.
There is a large window above the wall.	Há um janelão por cima do muro.
The bulky man drives the flashy car.	O homem grandalhão conduz o carrão.
The teacher explained that the mansion is old.	O professor explicou que o casarão é antigo.
Since yesterday, there is a huge armchair in the bedroom.	Desde ontem, há um cadeirão enorme no quarto.
When did they visit the huge mansion?	Quando visitaram o casarão enorme?
He never had a flashy car.	Ele nunca teve um carrão.