Breakdown of Zły człowiek to podmiot, a nowe słowo to orzeczenie.
nowy
new
zły
bad
a
and / whereas (contrast)
to
is (linking copula)
Questions & Answers about Zły człowiek to podmiot, a nowe słowo to orzeczenie.
Why do we use to here instead of jest for the word "is"?
What case are the words podmiot and orzeczenie in, and why?
They are both in the Nominative case (the basic dictionary form). This is a special rule for the particle to: it connects two Nominative nouns. If we had used the verb jest instead, we would have to change the second noun into the Instrumental case (jest podmiotem, jest orzeczeniem). Using to lets you skip the Instrumental case completely!
Why is "and" translated as a instead of i?
The conjunction a is used to show a slight contrast or to balance two parts of a comparison, similar to "whereas" or "while" in English. Because we are talking about two different parts of a sentence with two different roles, a is the most natural choice. The word i is mostly used just to add things together (like milk and sugar).
Are podmiot and orzeczenie the only words for "subject" and "predicate"?