Breakdown of Przebudowany wiadukt jest bardzo wysoki.
być
to be
bardzo
very
wysoki
tall / high (of a fee/price)
przebudować
to rebuild
wiadukt
overpass
Questions & Answers about Przebudowany wiadukt jest bardzo wysoki.
What exactly is przebudowany and why does it end in -y?
It is a passive adjectival participle made from the perfective verb przebudować (to rebuild). These participles act just like adjectives, meaning they must agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and case. Because wiadukt is a masculine singular noun in the nominative case (it is the subject of the sentence), przebudowany takes the standard masculine nominative adjective ending -y.
If we were talking about multiple rebuilt overpasses, how would przebudowany wiadukt change?
It would become przebudowane wiadukty. Wiadukt is a masculine inanimate noun, so its plural form falls into the non-masculine-personal (non-virile) category. Just like a regular adjective, the participle changes its ending to -e to match the plural noun.
Both przebudowany and wysoki act as masculine nominative adjectives here. Why does one end in -y and the other in -i?
This comes down to a fundamental Polish spelling rule: you cannot write the letter y after k or g. Since the stem of wysoki ends in k, the ending must be -i. The stem of przebudowany ends in n, which easily takes the standard -y.
Does wiadukt only mean a traditional viaduct?
While it is a direct cognate to the English word viaduct, in everyday Polish it is used much more broadly. It commonly translates to overpass or highway bridge - basically any bridge-like structure that carries a road over another road or railway.
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