Breakdown of Wszechświat to trudne pojęcie, które dotyczy wszystkiego.
to
is (linking copula)
wszystko
everything
który
which, who (relative)
trudny
difficult
pojęcie
concept
dotyczyć
to concern
wszechświat
universe
Questions & Answers about Wszechświat to trudne pojęcie, które dotyczy wszystkiego.
Why is wszystkiego used here instead of just wszystko?
The verb dotyczyć (to concern, to apply to) always requires the noun or pronoun that follows it to take the Genitive case. Since the base dictionary form for "everything" is wszystko, it changes to its Genitive form wszystkiego to satisfy the verb's requirement.
Why is the word for "that" translated as które in this sentence?
Które is a relative pronoun (meaning "which" or "that") referring back to pojęcie (concept). Because pojęcie is a neuter singular noun, the pronoun must take the matching neuter singular form, which is które.
Could I say Wszechświat jest trudnym pojęciem instead of using "to"?
Yes, you absolutely can! When saying "X is Y" with two nouns, you generally have two options in Polish. You can use to followed by the Nominative case (as seen here: to trudne pojęcie), or you can use jest followed by the Instrumental case (jest trudnym pojęciem). Both are natural and mean the exact same thing.
The word wszechświat looks like it contains świat (world). Is that correct?
Yes! It is a compound word made from the prefix wszech- (meaning "all" or "omni-") and świat (world). So, the Polish word for the universe essentially translates to "the all-world". You will see this same prefix in other expansive words, like wszechmocny (almighty).
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