Questions & Answers about Dobry lekarz pracuje w nowym szpitalu.
Why does the adjective nowy change to nowym?
The preposition w (in) requires the Locative case to describe a location. For masculine nouns, adjectives in the Locative case end in -ym or -im. Since the basic word is nowy, it takes the -ym ending to become nowym so it agrees with the noun.
Why is it szpitalu and not szpitalie in the Locative case?
While many masculine nouns add -ie in the Locative case (like sklep becoming sklepie), nouns that end in the letter -l typically take the -u ending instead. Therefore, the base word szpital becomes szpitalu.
Why doesn't dobry lekarz change its endings too?
Dobry lekarz is the subject of the sentence, meaning the person doing the action. The subject always stays in the basic Nominative dictionary case. Only the phrase describing the location (w nowym szpitalu) changes to the Locative case.
How do I know whether to use pracuje or pracuję?
Pracuje (ending in a plain -e) is the third-person form used for he, she, or it, which correctly matches lekarz (the doctor). If you wanted to say 'I work', you would use pracuję with the nasal -ę at the end.