Describing Locations in the Locative Case
When you describe a location using w (in) or na (on/at), both the noun and any adjectives describing it must take the Locative case.
| Gender | Locative Adjective Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Masculine & Neuter | -ym or -im | w nowym pokoju |
| Feminine | -ej | w nowej szkole |
Masculine and Neuter Adjectives: -ym / -im
Masculine and neuter adjectives share the exact same endings in the Locative case. Most adjectives take the ending -ym.
| She lives in a large city. | Ona mieszka w dużym mieście. |
| I am buying milk in a small shop. | Kupuję mleko w małym sklepie. |
Adjectives ending in -ki or -gi, as well as the possessive word mój (my), take the softer -im ending instead.
| I always sleep in my comfortable bed. | Zawsze śpię w moim wygodnym łóżku. |
If you want to specify a location by saying "in this" or "on this", the demonstrative words ten (masculine) and to (neuter) both change to tym.
| We work in this new shop. | Pracujemy w tym nowym sklepie. |
Feminine Adjectives: -ej
For feminine nouns, adjective agreement is very straightforward: the adjectives simply take the ending -ej.
| They live on a very quiet street. | Oni mieszkają na bardzo cichej ulicy. |
| My child is learning in a good school. | Moje dziecko uczy się w dobrej szkole. |
Combining Descriptions
When stringing descriptions together with words like i (and) or ale (but), remember that every single adjective must independently match the noun's case and gender!
| We work in a dark, but clean office. | Pracujemy w ciemnym, ale czystym biurze. |
