Breakdown of Kiedy zapasy się wyczerpią, ten towar nie będzie już dostępny.
być
to be
nie
no / not
ten
this (m)
się
oneself
kiedy
when
już
already / anymore (with negation)
towar
goods
dostępny
available
zapas
supply
wyczerpać
to exhaust
Questions & Answers about Kiedy zapasy się wyczerpią, ten towar nie będzie już dostępny.
How does the wy- prefix change the meaning of the base verb in wyczerpią?
The base verb is czerpać, which means "to draw" (like water from a well) or "to scoop". Adding the exhaustive wy- prefix means drawing everything out until nothing is left, creating wyczerpać (to deplete or exhaust). Paired with the reflexive się, wyczerpać się means "to run out" completely.
Why is wyczerpią in the future tense when the English translation uses the present tense "run out"?
English often uses the present tense after "when" for future events. Polish is strictly logical about time: if the action will happen in the future, you must use the future tense. Since the supplies will run out in the future, Polish uses the future perfective form wyczerpią.
Doesn't już normally mean "already"? Why is it translated as "no longer" here?
Yes, in positive sentences, już means "already". However, when paired with a negated verb like nie będzie, the combination nie + [verb] + już always translates to "not anymore" or "no longer".
Could I use the singular form zapas instead of the plural zapasy here?
When referring to commercial inventory, stores, or general supplies, Polish naturally uses the plural zapasy. The singular zapas is typically used for a specific backup or reserve, such as in the phrase mieć coś w zapasie (to have something in reserve).
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