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### Thanking

**{{item:949529}}** is *thank you* — it is the 1st-person form of a verb, so it literally means *I thank*. **{{item:949532}}** is the short informal version, like English *thanks*.

The reply is **{{item:949541}}** — *don't mention it*, literally *there is nothing for which*.

### Please, and here you are

**{{item:949535}}** is the workhorse. It means *please*, but also *here you are* when you hand something over, and *go ahead* when you let someone speak. **{{item:949538}}** is its emphatic form, and doubles as a second way to answer *thank you*.

| formula | used for |
|---|---|
| dziękuję / dzięki | thanking |
| nie ma za co | replying to thanks |
| proszę | please; here you are |
| przepraszam | sorry; excuse me |
| nic nie szkodzi | replying to an apology |

### Apologising

**{{item:949544}}** covers both *sorry* and *excuse me* — an apology and a way to get someone's attention. The reply is **{{item:949547}}**, *no harm done*.

**{{item:949550}}** and **{{item:949553}}** both mean *OK / all right*; the second is the more Polish of the two.

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Question	Answer
thank you	dziękuję
Thank you very much!	Dziękuję bardzo!
Thank you. Goodbye!	Dziękuję. Do widzenia!
thanks (informal)	dzięki
Thanks! You are very kind.	Dzięki! Jesteś bardzo dobry.
Thanks, bye!	Dzięki, cześć!
please; here you are	proszę
Here you are, this is coffee.	Proszę, to jest kawa.
Tea, please.	Herbata, proszę.
here you are; you're welcome	proszę bardzo
Here you are, madam.	Proszę bardzo, pani.
Thank you! — You're welcome.	Dziękuję! — Proszę bardzo.
you're welcome, don't mention it	nie ma za co
Thanks! — Don't mention it.	Dzięki! — Nie ma za co.
Don't mention it, madam.	Nie ma za co, pani.
sorry; excuse me	przepraszam
Excuse me, where is the toilet?	Przepraszam, gdzie jest toaleta?
I am very sorry!	Przepraszam bardzo!
that's all right, no harm done	nic nie szkodzi
Sorry! — That's all right.	Przepraszam! — Nic nie szkodzi.
No harm done, everyone is here.	Nic nie szkodzi, wszyscy tu są.
OK	okej
OK, we are going together.	Okej, idziemy razem.
OK! See you!	Okej! Do zobaczenia!
all right, fine	w porządku
Is that all right?	Czy w porządku?
Yes, all right. Thank you.	Tak, w porządku. Dziękuję.
please repeat	proszę powtórzyć
I do not understand. Please repeat!	Nie rozumiem. Proszę powtórzyć!
Please repeat, madam.	Proszę powtórzyć, pani.
bless you; cheers	na zdrowie
Bless you!	Na zdrowie!
Beer and wine. Cheers!	Piwo i wino. Na zdrowie!

Contributors