Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

To tell someone *not* to do something informally (the *tu* form), Italian uses **non** followed by the infinitive of the verb, such as *non dare* (do not give) or *non portare* (do not bring).

### Combining dual clitics

When you want to specify both *to whom* (indirect object) and *what* (direct object), you combine two pronouns. The indirect pronoun always comes first, and its vowel changes to an **-e**.

| Indirect | Direct | Combined |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **mi** | **lo, la, li, le** | melo, mela, meli, mele |
| **ci** | **lo, la, li, le** | celo, cela, celi, cele |

For the third person, both **gli** (to him) and **le** (to her) become **glie-** and fuse with the direct object pronoun into a single word: *glielo, gliela, glieli, gliele*.

### Attaching pronouns to the negative imperative

To attach these double pronouns to the negative imperative, you add them directly to the end of the infinitive verb. Just drop the final **-e** of the infinitive before attaching the pronouns.

- *non dare* + *melo* = **non darmelo**
- *non portare* + *celi* = **non portarceli**

{{item:823067}}

{{item:823069}}

When telling someone not to give or lend something to a third person (him or her), use the fused *glie-* forms.

{{item:823071}}

{{item:823073}}

### Matching the object

Always ensure the direct object part of your combined pronoun (*lo, la, li, le*) matches the gender and number of the noun you are replacing. This is especially important to remember when discussing everyday office supplies.

For example, *le forbici* (the scissors) is feminine plural, so it uses **le** (e.g., *gliele*). *La calcolatrice* (the calculator) is feminine singular, so it uses **la** (e.g., *gliela*).

{{item:823075}}

{{item:823078}}

Negative imperative with dual clitics (non darmelo!)

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (il, la, l')

Indefinite articles (un, una)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Question	Answer
the correction fluid	il correttore
Do not give it to me! This correction fluid is broken.	Non darmelo! Questo correttore è rotto.
the marker	il pennarello
Do not bring them to us! We need the correction fluid, not the markers.	Non portarceli! Abbiamo bisogno del correttore, non dei pennarelli.
the highlighter (m)	l'evidenziatore
Do not leave it for him! He already took the highlighter.	Non lasciarglielo! Ha già preso l'evidenziatore.
the stapler	la cucitrice
Do not lend it to her! She broke the stapler.	Non prestargliela! Ha rotto la cucitrice.
the scissors	le forbici
Do not send them to him! He needs the stapler, not the scissors.	Non spedirgliele! Ha bisogno della cucitrice, non delle forbici.
Do not bring it to her! She prefers the scissors.	Non portargliela! Preferisce le forbici.
the calculator	la calcolatrice
Do not give it to him! He already bought a calculator.	Non dargliela! Ha già comprato una calcolatrice.
the binder	il raccoglitore
I read the document, but do not put it in the binder for me.	Ho letto il documento, ma non mettermelo nel raccoglitore.
the thumbtack	la puntina
Do not pass it to him! The thumbtack ruins the binder.	Non passargliela! La puntina rovina il raccoglitore.
the paperclip	la graffetta
the ruler	il righello
Do not pass it to me! I prefer to use the paperclip, not the ruler.	Non passarmelo! Preferisco usare la graffetta, non il righello.
Do not explain it to him! He has to use the ruler first.	Non spiegarglielo! Deve usare il righello prima.
Do not give it to me! I will think about it before buying the marker.	Non darmelo! Ci penso prima di comprare il pennarello.
Do not lend it to her! She often loses the calculator.	Non prestargliela! Perde spesso la calcolatrice.
Do not bring them to us! We need the paperclip, not the highlighters.	Non portarceli! Abbiamo bisogno della graffetta, non degli evidenziatori.
Do not leave them for him! Everyone uses the paperclips.	Non lasciargliele! Tutti usano le graffette.
Do not give it to him, this thumbtack is broken!	Non dargliela, questa puntina è rotta!

Contributors