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Icelandic

To express that an outcome happens regardless of circumstances, Icelandic uses the invariable phrase **hvort eð er** (anyway / in any case).

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**Hvort eð er** never changes form and almost always sits at the very end of a sentence or clause. It is frequently used to rationalize an unfortunate situation, such as brushing off the loss of something that was already completely ruined.

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### Excusing Minor Accidents

*Hvort eð er* is perfect for justifying mistakes or things that just do not work out. If your clumsiness breaks a device, you might point out that it was already broken.

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Likewise, if a particular situation simply doesn't suit you, you can state that it wouldn't have worked out regardless.

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### Contrasting Outcomes

You will frequently see *hvort eð er* used alongside conjunctions like *en* (but) to show that despite a specific event, the final outcome remains unchanged.

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Anyway (hvort eð er)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Presentative and the definite suffix (þetta er, -inn, -in, -ið)

Singular pronouns and to be (ég er, þú ert)

Singular adjective agreement

Yes/no questions (ert þú…?)

Basic negation (ekki)

Plural pronouns and to be (við erum, þeir eru)

Group 1 weak verbs (-ar)

Group 2 and 3 verbs (-ir, -ur)

Information questions (hvað, hver, hvar)

Expressing opinions (mér finnst, mér líkar)

Expressing desires (mig langar)

Numbers 1 to 10 (einn, tveir, þrír)

Direct objects on indefinite nouns

Direct objects on definite nouns

Singular object pronouns (mig, þig...)

Plural object pronouns (okkur, ykkur...)

Directional prepositions (um, í, á)

Verb-second word order

Expressing intentions (ætla að)

Needs and wants (þurfa, vilja)

Middle voice verbs (-st)

Possessive pronouns (minn, þinn)

Dative case with prepositions (í, á, frá)

Definite dative nouns (-num, -nni, -nu)

Dative personal pronouns (honum, henni, þeim)

Plural nouns (-ar, -ir, -ur)

Definite plural nouns (-nir, -nar, -in)

Accusative plural nouns

Number agreement 1 to 4 (einn, tveir…)

Singular commands

Past tense of the verb to be (var, vorum)

Present continuous (vera að)

Strong verbs in the present tense

Weather and dummy subjects (það)

Invariable possessive pronouns (hans, hennar, þeirra)

Accusative possessives (minn, þinn)

Accompaniment (með)

Dative plural (-um, -unum)

Compound sentences (og, en, eða)

"This" in the nominative (þessi, þessi, þetta)

"This" in the accusative (þennan, þessa, þetta)

Accusative adjectives (-an, -a, -t)

Numbers 1 to 4 in the accusative (einn, tvo, þrjá)

Third-person reflexive pronouns (sig, sér)

The preposition "to" with the genitive (til)

Subordinating conjunctions (að, af því að)

Simple past of weak verbs (-aði)

Question words (hvernig, hvaða)

Physical possession (vera með)

Abstract possession (hafa)

Telling time (hálf, korter)

Plural commands (-ið)

The simple past tense (-di, -ti, -ði)

Possessive noun endings (-s, -ar)

Days of the week (á mánudaginn, á mánudögum)

Kveðjur — greetings (halló, bless)

Um mig — where I am from

Kurteisi — please, sorry, congratulations

Ability and knowing how (kunna að)

Permission (mega)

Obligation (eiga að)

Plural strong verbs

Numbers 11 to 20 (ellefu, tólf...)

Counting by tens to 100 (þrjátíu, fjörutíu...)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (fyrsti, annar...)

All / everything / everyone (allur)

The indefinite pronoun someone (einhver)

The indefinite pronoun no one (enginn)

Compound numbers from 21 (tuttugu og)

This in the dative singular (þessum, þessari, þessu)

These in the dative plural (þessum)

My and your in the dative (mínum, þínum)

Numbers 1 to 4 in the dative (einum, tveimur)

Adjectives in the dative singular (-um, -ri, -u)

Adjectives in the dative plural (-um)

Reflexive possessive in the accusative (sinn, sína, sitt)

Reflexive possessive in the dative (sínum, sinni)

Reflexive versus regular possessives (sinn, hans)

Demonstrative plural (þessir, þessar, þessi)

Definite genitive singular (-sins, -arinnar)

Indefinite genitive plural (-a)

Definite genitive plural (-anna)

Genitive prepositions (án, milli, vegna)

Prepositions of direction (yfir, undir, fyrir)

Prepositions of static location (yfir, undir, fyrir)

Question	Answer
completely ruined	handónýtur
anyway	hvort eð er
The shirt was completely ruined anyway.	Skyrtan var handónýt hvort eð er.
I was going to throw this jacket away anyway.	Ég ætlaði að henda þessum jakka hvort eð er.
to splash	skvetta
the clumsiness	klaufaskapurinn
I splashed water on the computer due to my clumsiness.	Ég skvetti vatni á tölvuna út af klaufaskapnum mínum.
The phone was broken anyway, so this clumsiness doesn't matter.	Síminn var bilaður hvort eð er, þannig að þessi klaufaskapur skiptir ekki máli.
worn out	slitinn
The shoes are completely ruined and worn out anyway.	Skórnir eru handónýtir og slitnir hvort eð er.
old-fashioned	gamaldags
Are you going to wear this worn-out and old-fashioned coat?	Ætlar þú að vera í þessum slitna og gamaldags frakka?
tasteless (tacky, in poor taste)	ósmekklegur
The tie is old-fashioned and very tasteless.	Bindið er gamaldags og mjög ósmekklegt.
the slob	draslarinn
The slob bought a tasteless sofa anyway.	Draslarinn keypti ósmekklegan sófa hvort eð er.
to suit	henta
This clean apartment doesn't suit the slob.	Þessi hreina íbúð hentar draslaranum ekki.
Working late doesn't suit me anyway.	Að vinna seint hentar mér ekki hvort eð er.
I accidentally splashed coffee on the white dress.	Ég skvetti óvart kaffi á hvíta kjólinn.
Didn't he ruin his worn-out jacket? Yes (he did), but it was old-fashioned anyway.	Eyðilagði hann ekki slitna jakkann sinn? Jú, en hann var gamaldags hvort eð er.
Yesterday it rained, but I didn't go out anyway.	Í gær rigndi, en ég fór ekki út hvort eð er.
Are you looking forward to the weekend?	Hlakkar þú til helgarinnar?
the thought	tilhugsunin
The thought does not bother me, the sweater is completely ruined anyway.	Tilhugsunin truflar mig ekki, peysan er handónýt hvort eð er.
I hate the thought but it is too late anyway.	Ég hata tilhugsunina en það er of seint hvort eð er.