Я беру відро і швабру, щоб швидко прибрати мокру підлогу.

Беру is the 1st person singular present tense of брати (to take).

In Ukrainian, the present tense can often translate as either:

• I take
• I am taking

So Я беру відро і швабру can mean:

• I take a bucket and a mop
• I am taking a bucket and a mop

The exact English translation depends on context. Ukrainian does not always force the same present continuous vs. simple present distinction that English does.

Because відро and швабра behave differently in the accusative case.

After беру (I take), the direct objects are usually in the accusative.

• відро is a neuter noun
• швабра is a feminine noun

For many neuter inanimate nouns, the accusative singular looks the same as the nominative singular:

• nominative: відро
• accusative: відро

For many feminine nouns ending in -а, the accusative singular changes to -у:

• nominative: швабра
• accusative: швабру

So the sentence uses correct accusative forms:

• беру відро
• беру швабру

Because підлогу is also a direct object, so it is in the accusative case, and the adjective must agree with it.

Base forms:

• мокра підлога = a wet floor / the floor is wet
  
  • мокра = feminine nominative singular
  • підлога = feminine nominative singular

In the sentence, after прибрати (to clean up), we need the accusative:

• мокру підлогу
  • мокру = feminine accusative singular
  • підлогу = feminine accusative singular

So both words change because adjectives in Ukrainian agree with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• case

Щоб means so that, in order to, or sometimes simply to, depending on context.

In this sentence:

• Я беру відро і швабру, щоб швидко прибрати мокру підлогу.

the idea is:

• I take a bucket and a mop in order to clean the wet floor quickly.

So щоб introduces the purpose of taking the bucket and mop.

A very natural way to understand it is:

• I take a bucket and a mop so that I can quickly clean the wet floor.

This is a question of verb aspect, which is very important in Ukrainian.

• прибирати = imperfective
• прибрати = perfective

Very roughly:

• imperfective focuses on the process, repetition, or ongoing action
• perfective focuses on completing the action or achieving the result

Here, the sentence expresses a purpose with a clear result:

• take the bucket and mop to clean up the wet floor
• the idea is to get the floor cleaned, not just to be in the middle of cleaning

So прибрати is natural because it suggests finishing the cleanup.

Compare:

• щоб прибрати підлогу = to clean up the floor / get the floor cleaned
• щоб прибирати підлогу = to be cleaning the floor / to clean floors regularly
  This would sound different and usually less appropriate here.

Прибрати can mean different but related things depending on context:

• to tidy up
• to put away
• to clean up

Here, because the object is мокру підлогу (the wet floor), it clearly means something like:

• to clean up
• to wipe up
• to deal with the wet floor

So in this sentence it is not really about tidying a room; it is about cleaning the wet floor.

Ukrainian has no articles like English a/an/the.

So nouns like:

• відро
• швабру
• підлогу

can mean:

• a bucket / the bucket
• a mop / the mop
• a floor / the floor

The listener understands from context whether the meaning is definite or indefinite.

So Я беру відро і швабру could be:

• I take a bucket and a mop
• I take the bucket and the mop

depending on the situation.

Швидко is an adverb meaning quickly.

In Ukrainian, adverbs are fairly flexible in position, but they are often placed before the verb they modify:

• щоб швидко прибрати мокру підлогу

This sounds natural and clearly means:

• to quickly clean the wet floor

You could also hear other word orders in different contexts, but this version is straightforward and neutral.

Yes, it could.

Both і and та can mean and.

So these are both possible:

• Я беру відро і швабру...
• Я беру відро та швабру...

In many cases they are interchangeable. Speakers may choose one or the other for style, rhythm, or sound.

A small practical point: Ukrainian sometimes alternates і / й / та to make speech flow better.

Yes, я can often be omitted, because the verb ending already shows the subject.

• беру already means I take / I am taking

So both are possible:

• Я беру відро і швабру...
• Беру відро і швабру...

Including я can add clarity, emphasis, or simply sound more explicit. Omitting it is also very natural, especially in conversation.

No, Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English word order, because case endings show grammatical roles.

The sentence as given is neutral and natural:

• Я беру відро і швабру, щоб швидко прибрати мокру підлогу.

But other orders are possible for emphasis. For example, a speaker might move words around to stress:

• what they are taking
• why they are taking it
• what needs to be cleaned

Even so, not every rearrangement sounds equally natural. The original version is a good standard model for learners.

Because мокру is the adjective form of мокрий (wet) and it agrees with підлогу (floor) in:

• gender: feminine
• number: singular
• case: accusative

Dictionary forms are:

• мокрий = wet
• підлога = floor

In the sentence they become:

• мокру підлогу

So this is simply the normal way to say wet floor when that phrase is the direct object of the verb.

Yes. Відро is the standard Ukrainian word for bucket or pail.

So in a cleaning context:

• відро = bucket
• швабра = mop
• підлога = floor

This is very ordinary everyday vocabulary, and the sentence sounds natural in a household cleaning situation.