Misafirler gelince, annem çay demleyecek.

Gelince comes from the verb gelmek (to come / to arrive) plus the suffix -ince / -ınca, which often means when, once, or upon doing something.

So:

• gel- = come
• -ince = when / once

Together, gelince means when they come or when they arrive.

In this sentence, it connects the first action to the second one:

• Misafirler gelince = when the guests arrive
• annem çay demleyecek = my mother will brew tea

In Turkish, meanings like when, once, or after doing are often expressed with a suffix rather than a separate word.

English:

• When the guests arrive, ...

Turkish:

• Misafirler gelince, ...

So instead of adding a separate word before the verb, Turkish attaches -ince to the verb itself.

This is very common in Turkish grammar. English often uses extra helper words; Turkish often uses endings.

Misafirler is simply the plural form of misafir (guest).

• misafir = guest
• misafirler = guests

The ending -ler / -lar is the regular plural suffix in Turkish.

It is not misafirleri here because misafirler is the subject of the first clause:

• Misafirler gelince = when the guests arrive

If it were a direct object in another sentence, then you might see a different ending such as -i.

Annem comes from:

• anne = mother
• -m = my

So:

• anne = mother
• annem = my mother

This is a possessive ending. Turkish usually attaches possession directly to the noun instead of using a separate word like my.

Also, with close family terms, Turkish very commonly uses these possessive forms:

• annem = my mother
• babam = my father
• ablam = my older sister

So annem çay demleyecek naturally means my mother will brew tea.

Turkish usually builds tense directly into the verb.

Demleyecek comes from:

• demle- = brew / steep
• -ecek / -acak = future tense

So demleyecek means he/she/it will brew.

In this sentence, the subject is annem, so:

• annem çay demleyecek = my mother will brew tea

English uses will as a separate word, but Turkish usually uses a future suffix on the verb.

Çay demlemek is the natural Turkish expression for to brew tea or to steep tea.

• çay = tea
• demlemek = to brew / steep

So this is more specific than just make tea. In Turkish, demlemek is the usual verb when talking about preparing tea properly.

A learner might translate it as make tea, and that is often fine for meaning, but the Turkish expression itself is closer to brew tea.

Because misafirler is not the subject of demleyecek.

The sentence has two parts:

1. Misafirler gelince = when the guests arrive

   • subject: misafirler
   • verb idea: gelince

2. annem çay demleyecek = my mother will brew tea

   • subject: annem
   • verb: demleyecek

So the future verb matches annem (my mother), which is singular.

Yes, Turkish can be somewhat flexible with word order, but this order is very natural:

• Misafirler gelince, annem çay demleyecek.

This puts the time clause first:

• When the guests arrive, ...

That is common in both Turkish and English.

You could also rearrange things in some contexts, but the version given is straightforward and natural. Turkish often puts background information such as time, condition, or context before the main statement.

Also, the main verb typically comes near the end of its clause, which is a key feature of Turkish.

The comma is helpful, but in everyday Turkish writing you may sometimes see the sentence without it:

• Misafirler gelince annem çay demleyecek.

Both are understandable.

The comma simply makes the boundary between the when-clause and the main clause clearer:

• Misafirler gelince, = when the guests arrive,
• annem çay demleyecek. = my mother will brew tea.

So it is natural and correct to include it, especially in careful writing.

Yes. -ince can often carry a sense like:

• when
• once
• as soon as
• upon

The exact nuance depends on context.

So Misafirler gelince, annem çay demleyecek could be understood as:

• When the guests arrive, my mother will brew tea or
• As soon as the guests arrive, my mother will brew tea

If the situation suggests an immediate action, English as soon as may be a very natural translation.

Because Turkish often does not need subject pronouns when the subject is already clear.

Here, the subject is explicitly stated:

• annem = my mother

So there is no need to add a separate word for she.

Even when the subject is not stated, Turkish verbs often give enough information through context and verb endings. In this sentence, though, the noun annem already tells us who will do the action.

This is due to vowel harmony, a very important feature of Turkish.

The suffix appears in different forms depending on the vowel in the verb stem:

• -ince
• -ınca (and in some patterns also -unca / -ünce)

With gelmek, the stem vowel is e, so we get:

• gelince

With another verb, you may get a different version of the suffix.

The important thing for learners is:

• the meaning stays the same,
• the form changes to match Turkish sound patterns naturally.

Sometimes -ince can appear in sentences that feel more general, especially depending on context. But in this sentence, because the main verb is demleyecek (will brew), it most naturally refers to a future situation:

• When the guests arrive, my mother will brew tea.

If you wanted a more habitual meaning such as Whenever guests come, my mother brews tea, Turkish would usually use a different tense in the main clause, for example a present/aorist-style form rather than the future.

So here the future tense strongly points to one expected future event.