Çamurlu yolda yürüyünce ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.

Yürüyünce comes from yürümek meaning to walk.

It breaks down like this:

• yürü- = walk
• -yince / -yünce = when, once, whenever

Because the verb stem ends in a vowel, Turkish adds a buffer y before the suffix, so:

yürü + yünce → yürüyünce

In this sentence, yürüyünce means when walking / when I walk / whenever I walk, depending on context.

Usually it means when, once, or whenever. In some contexts, English may translate it as if, but the basic idea is a time/condition link.

In this sentence, the most natural English idea is:

When / whenever I walk on the muddy road, my shoes get dirty.

So it is not a pure hypothetical if in the same way English sometimes uses if. It is more like whenever this happens, that happens.

Because yürüyünce does not show person by itself. It can mean:

• when I walk
• when you walk
• when he/she walks
• and so on

Turkish often leaves the subject to context.

Here, the sentence has ayakkabılarım meaning my shoes, so the listener naturally understands that the person walking is I:

Çamurlu yolda yürüyünce ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.
= When I walk on the muddy road, my shoes get dirty.

If you want to make it explicit, you can say:

Ben çamurlu yolda yürüyünce ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.

But the ben is usually unnecessary.

Çamurlu means muddy.

It comes from:

• çamur = mud
• -lu / -lü / -lı / -li = a suffix meaning with, having, full of

So çamurlu literally means with mud or mud-covered, which English usually expresses as muddy.

This is a very common Turkish pattern:

• tuz = salt → tuzlu = salty
• yağ = oil/fat → yağlı = oily
• şeker = sugar → şekerli = sugary / with sugar

Yolda is:

• yol = road, way, path
• -da / -de = locative case, meaning in, on, or at, depending on context

So yolda literally means in/on the road.

English chooses different prepositions in different situations, but Turkish uses the locative case more broadly. With roads or paths, English usually says on the road, so:

çamurlu yolda = on the muddy road

Ayakkabılarım means my shoes.

It breaks down as:

• ayakkabı = shoe
• -lar = plural
• -ım = my

So:

ayakkabı + lar + ım → ayakkabılarım

Literally: shoe + plural + my
Natural English: my shoes

Because in Turkish, plural inanimate subjects often take a singular verb.

So this is normal:

Ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.
= My shoes get dirty / are getting dirty.

Turkish usually does not say:

Ayakkabılarım kirleniyorlar.
That sounds wrong here.

This is a very important difference from English. Turkish does not always match plural subjects with plural verb forms, especially when the subject is a thing rather than a person.

Not necessarily.

Although -iyor is often taught as the present continuous, in real Turkish it is also very commonly used for repeated, habitual, or typical situations.

So in this sentence:

Çamurlu yolda yürüyünce ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.

the meaning is usually:

When / whenever I walk on the muddy road, my shoes get dirty.

It does not have to mean that the action is happening at this exact moment. Here it describes a regular result.

Because kirlenmek and kirletmek are different verbs.

• kirlenmek = to get dirty, to become dirty
• kirletmek = to make something dirty

In this sentence, the shoes are the things that become dirty, so Turkish uses kirlenmek:

Ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.
= My shoes are getting dirty / get dirty.

If you used kirletmek, the meaning would change. Then something would be making something else dirty. For example:

Çamurlu yol ayakkabılarımı kirletiyor.
= The muddy road is making my shoes dirty.

That is grammatical, but it is a different structure.

Yes, you could, but the nuance changes a little.

• kirleniyor sounds more like a real, experienced, repeated situation
• kirlenir sounds more general, like a fact, rule, or usual result

So:

Çamurlu yolda yürüyünce ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.
feels like When I walk on the muddy road, my shoes get dirty.

Çamurlu yolda yürüyünce ayakkabılarım kirlenir.
feels more like Shoes get dirty when one walks on a muddy road.

Both are possible, but kirleniyor is very natural in everyday speech.

Yes. You can say:

Çamurlu yolda yürüdüğümde ayakkabılarım kirleniyor.

This also means When I walk on the muddy road, my shoes get dirty.

The difference is that yürüdüğümde is more explicit, because it directly shows the I meaning:

• yürü-düğüm-de ≈ when I walk / when I am walking

By contrast, yürüyünce leaves the subject to context.

So:

• yürüyünce = shorter, very natural, context-based
• yürüdüğümde = more explicit about the subject

Both are correct.