Akşam oldu mu, ben evde kalıyorum.

Literally, it means something like When it became evening or Once evening came.

• akşam = evening
• oldu = became / it became
• mu = a particle that can have different functions depending on context

So the idea is not really the evening did something, but rather it becomes evening / evening arrives.

Because in this pattern, -DI mi? can mean when/once/as soon as rather than an actual question.

So:

• Akşam oldu mu... = When evening comes... / Once it’s evening...

This is a very common Turkish structure. It may look like a question to an English speaker because mu is the normal question particle, but in sentences like this, the meaning is more like a time clause.

Context and intonation help distinguish the meanings.

Yes. On its own, Akşam oldu mu? could absolutely be understood as a normal yes/no question:

• Has it become evening?
• Is it evening yet?

But when it is followed by another clause, as in:

• Akşam oldu mu, ben evde kalıyorum.

it is understood as:

• When/once evening comes, I stay at home.

So the larger sentence makes the meaning clear.

Turkish often uses the past form + mi in this special pattern to mean when/once.

So even though English might expect something like when it becomes evening, Turkish commonly says:

• Akşam oldu mu...

This does not mean the whole sentence is in the past. It is just part of a set pattern.

A rough comparison:

• Akşam oldu mu = when evening comes / once it gets to evening

Evde means at home or in the house.

It is made from:

• ev = house / home
• -de = locative suffix, meaning in / at / on

So:

• evde = at home

This suffix changes by vowel harmony:

• okulda = at school
• işte = at work
• odada = in the room

Kalıyorum comes from kalmak, which means to stay or to remain.

• kal- = stay
• -ıyor = present continuous marker
• -um = I

So kalıyorum literally means I am staying.

In this sentence, it can sound like:

• I stay at home
• I’m staying at home
• I remain at home

The exact English translation depends on context.

This is a very common thing in Turkish. The present continuous can describe not only something happening right now, but also a regular or typical action.

So ben evde kalıyorum can mean:

• I stay at home
• I tend to stay at home
• I’m staying at home

If you wanted a more general habitual sense, Turkish might also use the aorist:

• ben evde kalırım = I stay at home / I usually stay at home

So the given sentence is understandable, but the exact nuance can shift a little depending on which tense is used.

Yes. The ending -um in kalıyorum already means I, so ben is not strictly necessary.

Turkish often drops subject pronouns when they are clear from the verb.

So these are both possible:

• Akşam oldu mu, evde kalıyorum.
• Akşam oldu mu, ben evde kalıyorum.

Using ben adds emphasis, contrast, or clarity. It can sound like:

• As for me, I stay at home when evening comes.
• I stay at home once it gets to evening.

No, Turkish word order is flexible, though some orders sound more natural than others.

The given sentence:

• Akşam oldu mu, ben evde kalıyorum.

is natural and clear.

You could also hear:

• Akşam oldu mu evde kalıyorum.
• Ben akşam oldu mu evde kalıyorum.

The time clause Akşam oldu mu is often placed first because it sets the scene: when evening comes...

The comma separates the time clause from the main clause:

• Akşam oldu mu, = when evening comes
• ben evde kalıyorum. = I stay at home

It helps readability and reflects a pause in speech. In informal writing, people might omit it, but using it here is normal and helpful.

It is grammatical and understandable, but there are other very common ways to express the same idea.

For example:

• Akşam olunca, evde kalıyorum.
• Akşam olunca, evde kalırım.

-ınca / -ince is another very common way to say when.

So:

• Akşam oldu mu = when/once evening comes
• Akşam olunca = when evening comes

Both work, but learners may hear olunca very often in everyday Turkish.

It gives a time-based condition:

• Once it becomes evening, I stay at home.
• When evening comes, I stay at home.

It does not sound like a strong logical condition such as if in the English sense of uncertainty. It is more like a regular trigger in time: when this time arrives, this is what happens.