Learn Hardcore Turkish: Pasaport kontrolünde kuyruk uzundu ama görevli hızlı çalıştı. - The passport control line was long, but the officer worked quickly.

Pasaport acts as an attributive noun modifying kontrol. To express in/at the control, Turkish first adds the third-person singular possessive suffix -ü to kontrol, giving kontrolü, then attaches the locative suffix -nde (vowel-harmonized from -de). So kontrol + ü + nde = kontrolünde, and Pasaport kontrolünde means at passport control.

Why is there a possessive suffix in kontrolünde instead of just using the locative kontrolda?

In Turkish, when a noun is “possessed” even implicitly (here kontrol belongs to pasaport in the set phrase pasaport kontrolü), you must insert the possessive suffix -ü before any case ending. Only after kontrolü do you add the locative -nde. That yields kontrol-ü-nde rather than a bare kontrol-da.

How is kuyruk uzundu translated, and why does uzundu have that form?

kuyruk means queue, and uzun is the adjective long. To say the queue was long, Turkish combines uzun with the past-tense copula suffix -du, yielding uzundu (long + was). So kuyruk uzundu = the queue was long.

Why is there no article like the before queue?

Turkish has no separate words for the or a. Nouns appear without articles, and context determines definiteness. Here kuyruk is understood as the queue because we’re referring to a specific line at passport control.

What is the role of ama, and can I use other conjunctions?

ama means but, introducing a contrast between clauses. Formal or literary synonyms include fakat, lâkin or ancak.

Who is görevli, and why is it used without an article?

görevli derives from görev (duty) + -li (having), so it literally means the person on duty or officer. As with other Turkish nouns, no article is needed; context tells you it refers to the passport-control staff member.

How does hızlı çalıştı mean worked quickly, and why isn’t hızlı changed?

Many Turkish adjectives double as adverbs without modification. hızlı means fast/quick, so hızlı çalıştı = he/she worked fast. If you want a more explicitly marked adverb you could say hızlıca çalıştı, but it’s optional.

Could you include a pronoun like o (he/she) before hızlı çalıştı, and where would it go?

Yes. You could say ama o hızlı çalıştı, placing o right before the adjective. Turkish often omits such pronouns when the subject is clear.